group 1

• lithium properties (3)

  tough to cut

  dull grey metal

  oxidises quickly
• sodium properties (3)

  white waxy metal

  easy to cut

  oxidises quickly
• potassium properties (3)

  grey

  very soft metal

  oxidises quickly
• lithium reaction with water (2)

  hydrogen is given off (gas)

  turns the water alkaline
• sodium reaction with water (2/3)

  melts and skids around

  orange flame
• potassium reaction with water (4)

  melts and skids around

  lilac flame

  hydrogen is given off (gas)

  high piteched "pop"
• word equation

  metal + water -> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• sodium symbol equation (balanced)

  2 Sodium + water -> 2 sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
• potassium symbol equation

  Potassium + water -> potassium hydroxide + hydrogen
• Properties of group 1 metals

  1. Soft - they can be cut with a scalpel

  
  

  2. Highly reactive, even with cold water

  
  

  3. Low melting points, in comparison to most other metals (excluding mercury)

  
  

  4. Shiny when cut

  
  

  5. low densities

  
• Universal Indicator color change when a group 1 metals reacts with water?

  Green to purple
• What happens to lithium when it reacts with water?

  fizzes

  gets smaller

  floats

  
• What is the general equation for when an alkaline metal reacts with water?

  metal+water---->metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• What happens to sodium when it reacts with water?

  melts

  fizzes rapidly

  moves around the surface

  dissapears

  orange flame may appear when the hydrogen burns

  
• What happens to potassium when it reacts with water?

  floats

  moves quickly around the surface

  lilac flame

  
• What happens to lithium when it reacts with oxygen?

  gives a white solid

  tarnishes

  burns with a red flame

  
• What happens to sodium when it reacts with oxygen?

  white solid

  tarnishes

  burns with and orange/yellow flame

  
• What happens to potassium when it reacts with oxygen?

  white solid

  tarnishes

  burns with a lilac flame

  
• Why do group one metal become more reactive as you go down the group?

  as the outer electron is further away from the nueclues

  the outer electron is shielded by more inner shells so there is a weaker attraction between outer electron and nuclues

  not much every is required to break the bond and is lost easily
• What's the general equation for when a group one metal burns in oxygen?

  metal + oxygen ---> metal oxide
• Sodium chemical symbol

  Na

  
• Lithium chemical symbol

  Li

  
• Potassium chemical symbol

  K

  
• Test for hydrogen gas

  Lighted splint. Squeaky pop.

  
• When sodium reacts, it loses its outer electron more easily than lithium
• When potassium reacts, it loses its outer electron way more easily than sodium and lithium
• As we move down group one, radium of atom increases. Greater distance between positive nucleus and negative electrons
• As distance increases, outer electron is less attracted to positive nucleus
• Shielding - this decreases the attraction between the nucleus and outer electron - shielding increases as we move down group 1