CHEMISTRY: Bonding models

• The electrons are shared equally between the two atoms.
• Ionic bonding


  Formed by the loss or gain of electrons, producing oppositely charged ions that attract one another
• Ionic bonding


  • Structure: Ionic lattice structure
  • Properties: High melting and boiling points, many soluble in water, conduct electricity when liquid or in solution
• Simple molecular (covalent) bonding


  Formed between non-metal atoms by atoms sharing pairs of electrons
• Simple molecular (covalent) bonding

  • Structure: Small, distinct groups of atoms
  • Properties: Low melting and boiling points, few soluble in water, most do not conduct electricity
• Giant covalent bonding


  Bonding between non-metal elements and compounds of non-metals, formed by covalent bonds (atoms sharing pairs of electrons)
• Giant covalent bonding


  • Structure: Lattice structure
  • Properties: High melting and boiling points, insoluble in water, most do not conduct electricity (except carbon as graphite)
• Metallic bonding


  Bonding by the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and negative delocalised electrons
• Metallic bonding


  • Structure: Giant lattice structure, sea of negative delocalised electrons
  • Properties: High melting and boiling points, insoluble, conduct electricity when solid or liquid