circulatory system

Cards (54)

  • the heart has four chambers, two atria (upper) and two ventricles (lower)
  • what are the functions
    1. regulates temperature
    2. removes waste products including carbon dioxide
    3 carries materials (food, water, oxygen) in the blood to body's cells and tissues
  • blood vessels - arteries, veins, capillaries
  • heart - pumps blood around the body
  • muscles - contract to pump blood through the vessels
  • valves - prevent backflow of blood
  • arteries - carry oxygenated blood away from the heart at high pressure
  • capillaries - tiny tubes that connect arteries and veins
  • veins - return deoxygenated blood back to the heart
  • oxygenated blood is bright red because it contains oxygen
  • blood components -> RBC, WBC, plasma, platelets
  • plasma is mostly water and carries nutrients, hormones, waste products, etc.
  • platelets clot blood when there's an injury
  • veins - blood flows from body then to heart then to lungs
  • veins have valves to stop blood from running wrong way
  • largest artery is the aorta, connected to the heart and picks up oxygenated blood from the left ventricle
  • only artery that picks up deoxygenated blood
    pulmonary artery
  • smallest blood vessel
    capillary
  • arteries divide down to _
    capillaries
  • only veins that take oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
    pulmonary veins
  • blood is (roughly) made up of 55% plasma, <1% WBC and platelets, 45% RBC
  • erythrocytes
    RBC
  • the function of red blood cells is to deliver oxygen around the body via haemoglobin protein and transport waste back to lungs to be exhaled
  • red blood cells are produced in bone marrow and have a life cycle of 120 days
  • white blood cells scientific name is lymphocytes
  • the function of white blood cells are healthy immune function, and supporting different immune responses
  • WBC make up less than 1% of blood volume
  • the scientific name for platelets are thrombocytes
  • platelets are the smallest of blood cells
  • function of platelets are to respond to blood vessel signals and travel to the affected area to transform into active formation
  • plasma is formed from water and salts absorbed through the digestive tract
  • diffusion
    Distributes oxygen around the tissues and cells of the body while getting rid of carbon dioxide. (GAS EXCHANGE)
  • heart rate
    The rate your heart beats. Usually per minute
  • maximum heart rate

    The maximum rate of what your cardiovascular system can handle during physical activity.
  • Stroke Volume
    The volume of blood that pumps out of the left ventricle each beat
  • Cardiac Output - The measured amount of blood that your heart pumps per minute.
  • arteries
    Carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body
  • veins
    Returns oxygen-poor blood back to the heart
  • capillaries
    Tiny blood vessels that transport blood, nutrients and oxygen through different body systems.
  • haemoglobin
    A protein inside red blood cells that transports oxygen from lungs to organs and tissues throughout the body.