Berger = retrospective questionnaire - 30 double bind phrase = 20 sz rated on 4 point scale use by mother = more vs 40 college students - but no difference with hospital staff
Vaughn = interview 69 sz age 17-39 = for 18 months = 53% relapsed in high expressed emotion families vs 12% for low - but Is this a factor in recovery or a cause
evaluating dysfunctional families and sz
application = family therapy via intervention to lower expressed emotion = pharaoh = revised 53 = lower hospital admission and relapse
cause or consequence = liem = communication styles change when dealing with sz = no clarity