CHEMISTRY: Bases and Salts

• Bases and salt


  • an alkali is a soluble base (one that will dissolve in water)
  • a base is a substance that react with an acid to form a salt and water only
• Neutralisation reaction


  NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O
• Hydrochloric acid forms chlorides
• Nitric acid forms nitrates
• Sulphuric acid forms sulphates
• Ethanoic acid forms ethanoates
• Ions present


  • H and Cl
  • H and NO
  • H and SO
  • H and CH₂COO-
• When a salt is formed, the H+ ions in the acid are replaced by metal (or ammonium) ions
• The hydrogen ions react with oxide ions to form water