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CELLS AT WORK
genbio 1
31 cards
Cards (156)
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
ATP
-
ADP
cycle
Photosynthesis
Respiration
ORIGIN of LIFE and CELL THEORY
SPONTANEOUS
GENERATION
DIVINE
CREATION
PANS
PERMIA
Cell
Theory
Living Things have movements,
respiration
,
sensitivity
, growth, physical response to stimuli, reproduction, and excretion
Nothing is permanent except
change
-
Heraclitus
Peeing releases
heat
and causes muscle
contractions
Nutrition
and
sex
prevent extinction
Physiological needs of humans are
food
and
water
Cell
Smallest
entity that can function independently, smallest unit with
life
Cell
Cell membrane
encloses the cell
Cytoplasm
is the living part
DNA
is the control center
Organelles
are the cellular machinery
Cell properties
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Organelles
Plasma membrane
Hydrophilic and hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer that regulates
entry
and
exit
of substances
Plasma membrane components
Channels
and
transporters
Receptors
Glycoproteins
Enzymes
Cell
wall
Extra
coating
found in plants, fungi, protists, and bacteria for protection and
communication
Cell wall materials
Cellulose
Chitin
Peptidoglycans
Cytoskeleton
Microtubules
, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments that provide structure, movement, and
organelle anchoring
Cilia and Flagella
Whip-like
extensions that provide motility and
movement
Centrioles
Paired microtubular
structures that organize
spindle fibers
during cell division
Nucleus
Control center containing
DNA
and
nucleolus
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Network of
interconnected
membranes that help move
substances
within cells
Golgi Apparatus
Quality assurance
and packaging center that modifies and
ships
molecules
Lysosomes
Digestive organelles that
break down
old cell parts and invaders
Peroxisomes
Specialized lysosomes that
detoxify
the cell
Vacuoles
Storage sacs
more common in plant cells than animal cells
Mitochondria
Double membrane
organelles that extract energy from
glucose
and store it as ATP
Autotrophs
are food generating, while
heterotrophs
need food
Chemoautotrophs
and photoautotrophs are types of
autotrophs
ATP
is the cellular energy of the cell
Suicidal bags
Contain
digestive enzymes
; help break down old cell parts and digest invaders
Types of white blood cells
Monocytes
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Basophils
Eosinophils
Lysosomes
Specialized organelles that detoxify and break down bacteria and fungi
More common in plant cells than animal cells
Vacuoles
Storage sacs that contain
water
,
food
, and
waste
Photosynthesis
Converts carbon dioxide and water into
glucose
and oxygen using energy from
sunlight
Mitochondria
Have their own
DNA
Bound by a
double membrane
Extract energy from glucose through
cellular respiration
Chloroplasts
Capture solar
energy
Contain
chlorophyll
(green pigment)
Also contain
carotenoids
(red-orange pigment) and
xanthophylls
(yellow pigment)
Carolus Linnaeus
is the father of
taxonomy
Domains of life
Archaea
Bacteria
Eukaryote
Prokaryotic cells
Have
circular
DNA and lack
membrane-bound
organelles
Have few internal structures like
cell membrane
, cytoplasm, and
ribosomes
Shapes of prokaryotic cells
Cocci
(spheres)
Bacilli
(rods)
Spirilla
(spirals)
Eukaryotic cells
Have a central
nucleus
and membrane-bound
organelles
Types of eukaryotic cells
Epithelial
Muscle
Nerve
Blood
Bone
Fat
Skin
Stem
Sex
Pancreatic
Cancer
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