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Module 5
Photosynthesis
Light independent stage
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Light-independent stage of photosynthesis
Also known as the
Calvin cycle
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Light-independent stage
Produces
complex organic molecules
, including
carbohydrates
such as
starch
,
sucrose
, and
cellulose
Does not require
energy
from
light
and can take place in
light
or
darkness
Requires inputs of
ATP
and
reduced NADP
from the
light-dependent
stage
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Calvin cycle
1.
Rubisco
catalyses the
fixation
of
carbon dioxide
by
combination
with
ribulose bisphosphate
(
RuBP
)
2.
GP
is
reduced
to
triose phosphate
(
TP
) in a reaction involving
reduced NADP
and
ATP
3.
RuBP
is
regenerated
from TP in
reactions
that use
ATP
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Carbon fixation
Carbon dioxide
combines with
ribulose bisphosphate
(
RuBP
)
Rubisco
(
ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase
) catalyses this reaction
The resulting
six-carbon
(
6C
) compound is
unstable
and splits into
two
molecules of
glycerate 3-phosphate
(
GP
)
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Reduction of
glycerate 3-phosphate
1.
Energy
from
ATP
and
hydrogen
from
reduced NADP
are used to
reduce
glycerate 3-phosphate (
GP
) to
triose phosphate
(
TP
)
2.
One-sixth
of the TP
molecules
are used to produce
useful organic molecules
needed by the
plant
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Regeneration of ribulose
bisphosphate
1.
Five-sixths
of the
triose
phosphate (TP) molecules are used to
regenerate ribulose bisphosphate
(RuBP)
2. This process requires
ATP
View source
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