Final Practical

• Anhydrobiosis


  Process that allows rotifers to desiccate and withstand long periods without water (specifically about tardigrades in this practical)
• Chelicerae


  • First set of appendages that is adapted for use in feeding, covered by cheliceral sheath
• Chelate


  Bearing claws
• Hypostome


  Used by ticks and mites as a straw to suck fluids form hosts
• Carapace


  • Hard covering of the body in class Merostomata
• Book gills


  • Respiratory structures
• Prosoma


  • Carapace, eyes, 10 walking legs on ventral surface
• Opisthosoma


  • Moveable spines, book gills, telson
• Pedipalps


  • Second set of appendages that is involved in sensation/manipulation of food, can be used to determine sex of spider
• Book lungs


  • Respiratory structures
• Sternum


  • Pentagon-shaped plate cover the ventral surface
• Coxa


  • Proximal segment of each leg
• Spinneret


  • Structure at posterior end of opisthosoma that produces silk
• Cheliceral tooth


  • Distal end of each chelicerae in spiders
• Idisoma


  • Joined prosoma and opisthosoma in ticks and mites
• Gnathosoma


  • Small tagmata with mouth parts; chelicerae covered by cheliceral sheath
• Pectine


  • Comb-shaped structures in scorpions, chemosensory structure and females use it to pick up spermatophore
• Pedipalps


  • In scorpions these are large chelate pincers used to grasp prey; sometimes called chelae
• Mesosoma


  • Pre-abdomen of opisthosoma in scorpions
• Metasoma


  • Post-abdomen of opisthosoma in scorpions
• Telson


  • Modified and used as stinger - posterior end of metasoma delivers venom
• Forcipule


  • First set of legs that is modified for venom delivery in centipedes
• Centipedes have 1 pair of legs per segment
• Repugnatorial gland


  • Organ that produces toxins for secretion in millipedes
• Millipedes have 2 pairs of legs per segment
• Millipedes are detritovores
• Phyllopodia


  • Thoracic appendages that are used for gas exchange in branchiopods
• Biramous appendages

  • Consist of: protopod (2 segments: proximal coxa and distal basis) - exopod - endopod
• Rostrum


  • Beak of crustaceans
• Crayfish's appendages in order from front to back

  • 2 antenna (larger)
  • 2 antennules (smaller)
  • 2 maxillas
  • 3 maxillipeds
  • 1 mandible (distal segment is called cheliped)
  • 4 walking legs
  • 5 swimmerets (connected to tergum through pleuron)
  • telson
  • uropod
• Uropods


  • Most posterior set of appendages/tails of decapoda
• Branchitegite


  • Cover gill chamber in Crustacea
• Tergum


  • Cover dorsal surface in Crustacea
• Ametabolous


  No metamorphosis, smaller version of the adult
• Paurometabolous


  Develop from a nymph
• Hemimetabolous


  Incomplete metamorphosis, lacks pupa phase
• Holometabolous


  Complete metamorphosis, most insects undergo this
• Instar


  Each molting stage
• Ovipositor


  • Posterior end pair of stout that is used to deposit eggs in female
• Cerci


  • Oriented around epiproct in male