Weaknesses

• Peter Vardy

  JWT sets an 'impossibly high moral standard', ed. would never really go to war if we really considered the number of people at risk
• Increasingly irrelevant to modern warfare
• Difficult to measure the criteria eg. likelihood of success

  Hugo Grotius said the Right intention principle is too subjective.
• Realism: Nations go to war on a basis of national interests, not ethical considerations
• Difficult to enforce, what happens if nations fail to comply?
• Can make any war seem just
• does it encourage war as an answer?
• Pacifists would say that all war is unjust, so setting controlled conditions wouldn't help.
• Terrorists are not interested in moral considerations
• Difficult to apply in practice