Cells

• Plant Cells


  1) have cell wall 2) have chlorophyll/chloroplasts 3) large central vacuole
• Animal Cells


  1) lacks cell wall 2) lacks chloroplasts 3) lacks large central vacuole
• nucleus


  a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
• cytoplasm


  a jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
• cell membrane


  thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
• cell wall


  a thin membrane around the cytoplasm of a cell, strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
• vacuole


  a tiny cavity filled with fluid in the cytoplasm of a cell
• chloroplasts


  organelles that capture the energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis
• chlorophyll


  green pigment in plants that absorbs light energy used to carry out photosynthesis
• organ


  a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
• organ system


  group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
• diffusion


  the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
• osmosis


  diffusion of molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a place of higher concentration to a place of lower concentration until the concentration on both sides is equal
• selectively permeable


  a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot