enzymes and digestion
Cards (14)
- digestive enzymes break down big molecules
- starch, protien and fats are big molecules - they're too big to pass through the walls of the digestive system, so digestive enzymes break these big molecules down into smaller ones like sugars
- carboghydrases convert carbohydrates into simple sugars
- amylase is an example of a carbohydrase. it breaks down starch
- starch - (amylase(enzyme)) - maltose
- amylase is in 3 places: salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
- protease convert proteins into amino acids
- proteins - (protease(enzyme)) - amino acids
- protease are made in 3 places: stomach, pancreas, small intestine
- lipases convert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
- lipid - (lipase(enzyme)) - glycerol & fatty acids
- lipase are made in 2 places: pancreas, small intestine
- Bile neutralises the stomach acid and emulsifies fats
- bile is produced in the liver, it's stored in the gall bladder before getting released into the small intestine
- the breakdown of food is catalysed by enzymes
- enzymes used in the digestive system are produced by specialised cells in glands and in the gut lining
- different enzymes catalyse the breakdown of different food molecules
- salivary glands
- these produce amylase enzyme in the saliva
- liver
- where bile is produced.
- bile neutralises stomach acid and emulsifies fats
- gall bladder
- where bile is stored, before released to the small intestine
- large intestine
- where excess water is absorbed from the food
- rectum
- where faeces are stored before depositing out of the anus
- small intestine
- produces protease, amylase, lipase enzymes to complete digestion
- also where digested food is absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood
- pancreas
- produces protease, amylase, lipase enzymes.
- releases these into the small intestine
- stomach
- pummels food with it's muscular walls
- produces the protease, enzyme pepsin
- produces hydrochloric acid to kill bacteria and give the right pH for the protease enzyme