Unit 4

• Who wrote "Man is born free but everywhere is chains" ?

  Rousseau
• What new approach allowed scholars to gain new scientific knowledge?

  the scientific meathod
• In Principia, Isaac Newton discovered


  the laws of gravity
• American colonists objected to the Stamp Act because

  it levied by the British Parliament without representation
• The French people welcomed Napoleon because

  he promised order after the chaos of the Revolution
• Why did delegates meet at a Constitutional Convention in 1787

  to revise the Articles of Confederation
• What event caused the Great Fear 


  the fall of Bastille
• Which of the following was one effect of the factory system

  More people joined the middle class
• During the Boston Tea Party, the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into Boston Harbor to 


  as an act of defiance against the tax on tea
• Why did Napoleon sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States

  he needed more money to fund the Napoleonic Wars
• Which leaders helped to diffuse the liberal ideals of the French Rev.

  Prince Kelmens von Metternich
• Napoleon's Continental system restricted...

  trade with Great Britain
• Which of the legislative bodies ended the monarchy and proclaimed France a republic

  the National Convention
• What enabled the United States to industrialize rapidly

  a wealth of natural resources and a large labor force
• The main goal of the Congress of Vienna was...

  to weaken France so it could not raise to power again
• The negative effect of the textile industry was

  the spread of slavery in the United States
• Karl Marx and Frederick Engels argues that capitalism would inevitably lead to

  poverty and a workers' revolution
• Who was the king of England during the American Revoultion

  King George III
• The policy that meant England did not enforce its laws on colonists was called...

  salutary neglect
• No taxation without _____

  representation
• The proclamation of 1763 stated that 


  Colonists could not expand westward
• These "acts" were taxes imposed on colonists for the British to recoup money spent on the French and Indian War

  Sugar and Stamp Acts
• This Massacre took place in 1770 and was used as propaganda against the British 


  Boston
• During this "party", colonists dressed up as Natives and threw this prized British drink into the Boston Harbor 


  The Boston Tea Party
• The British imposed the "acts" as a way to punish the colonists. They didn't have desired effect and united colonists

  Intolerable Acts
• The "shot heard 'round the world" was fired here, officially starting the American Revolution 


  Lexington
• This pamphlet, written by Thomas Paine, helped gain support for independence

  Common Sense
• The British Government officially recognizes the American Independence in 1783 with the Treaty of ______

  Paris
• "Man is born free and everywhere is chains" is the opening line of The Social Contract by: 


  Rousseau
• Advocated for separation of church and state

  Voltaire
• The Enlightenment is also referred to as The Age of _____

  Reason
• Relived government should protect your natural rights

  John Locke
• Wrote Leviathan and thought people were naturally selfish and greedy

  Thomas Hobbes
• Had the idea of checks and balances and separation of powers

  Montesquieu
• Advocated for equal rights for women

  Mary Wollstonecraft
• Wealth of Nations and the ideas of capitalism

  Adam Smith
• Wrote on crime and punishment, suggesting governments should not use cruel and unusual punishment

  Cesare Beccaria
• Was the king of France at the start of the French Revolution

  Louis XVI ( Louis 16th )
• Was married to the king of France at the start of the French Revolution

  Marie Antoinette
• France was divided into three different classes called

  Estates