Cell types and structure

• Cells


  The basic building blocks of life that can replicate independently
• Multicellular organisms like animals and plants contain many cells that divide to grow or replace dead cells, not to create new organisms</b>
• Bacteria are single-celled prokaryotic organisms
• Animal and plant cells (eukaryotic cells)

  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Cytoplasm
  • Mitochondria
  • Ribosomes
• Plant cells (eukaryotic cells)

  • Cell wall
  • Permanent vacuole
  • Chloroplasts
• Bacterial cells (prokaryotic cells)

  • Cell membrane
  • Cell wall
  • Ribosomes
  • Cytoplasm
  • Circular chromosome (nucleoid)
  • Plasmids
  • Flagella
• Mitochondria provide cells with energy through aerobic respiration
• Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
• Chloroplasts in plant cells contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis
• Bacterial DNA is a single circular strand in the cytoplasm, not contained in a nucleus
• Bacteria can have additional small rings of DNA called plasmids that carry extra genes
• Bacterial flagella allow the bacteria to move around