RESEARCH QUIZ

• Population - large collection of individuals where sample is taken from
• Sample - individuals taken from the population to be study
• Subjects - least participation, mostly used in experimental studies
• Respondents - people who are surveyed
• Informants - experts guiding a researcher, providing information
• Participants - has the most participation, mostly in observation-based studies
• Types of Samples

  Subjects, Respondents, Informants, Participants.
• Sampling Procedure - the method used to select or choose the sample of the study
• Probability Sampling Procedure - Uses chance in choosing or selecting the sample of the study, Mostly used in quantitative studies
• Non-Probability Sampling Procedure - Does not use chance in choosing or selecting the sample of the study, Mostly used in qualitative research
• Purposive Sampling - Researcher has pre-selected criteria in choosing the respondents.
• Convenience Sampling - Choosing a sample is based on the researcher’s convenience.
• Quota Sampling - Forms subgroups that contain specific characteristics that the researcher needs.
• Quota sampling is the counterpart of cluster sampling in probability sampling method.
• Snowball Sampling - Sample is based on recommendations of respondents.
• Snowball sampling is mostly used in researches with samples that are difficult to find.
• In qualitative research, data are often expressed in words rather than being measured.
• An interview involves a researcher and a participant who engage in a conversation with questions focusing on the topic of the research study.
• Observations can be classified as fully structured (laboratory), naturalistic, or participant observation and depends on the purpose it serves.
• The most common documents analyzed in qualitative research are public records, personal documents, popular culture documents, and visual documents.
• Interviews can be classified as structured, semi-structured, and unstructured.
• Focus group discussions require a group of people to talk about their insights regarding the topic of interest.
• Observations can be categorized as fully structured, naturalistic, or participant observation.
• Documents such as public records, personal documents, popular culture documents, and visual documents can be accessed and analyzed to be used as sources in a research study.
• Observation - describes a certain behavior or phenomenon in their natural setting, firsthand encounters
• Document Analysis

  ●easily accessible

  ●can be accessed either physically or online

  ●might already exist prior to the research study
• In focus group discussions, It is important to plan ahead the selection of the participants, establishing group rules, and clarifying the role of the group facilitator.
• The elements needed in observations and the different methods in recording observations must be kept in mind.
• A questionnaire is a list of questions that the participants answer on their own.
• Refers to the general strategy in answering the research problems of your qualitative study.
• Case Study - A case can be the study of an individual,  a group, an event, or an organization.
• Phenomenology - Describes and analyzes series of events that leads to a phenomenon.
• Ethnography - Study of the lifestyle and culture of a group of people
• Grounded Theory - Generates new theories from the research data.
• Historical - Used to understand the present events or anticipate future events
• Narrative - Study of a person’s life experiences expressed in a narrative
• Research data is the most important element in using grounded theory as a research design.