Module 6

• What are the 2 divisions of the nervous system?

  Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
• What are the components of the central nervous system?

  Brain and Spinal cord
• What are the components of the peripheral nervous system?

  Nerve fibers
• What are the 3 divisions of nerve fibers?

  cranial, spinal, and peripheral
• What forms the OUTER SURFACE of the BRAIN and CEREBELLUM?

  Gray matter
• Gray matter consists of what?

  neurons, dendrites, and supportive cells.
• Neuroglia: support cells of the nervous system
• White matter: devoid of neuronal bodies
• White matter: myelinated axons, some unmyelinated axons, and supportive neuroglial oligodendrocytes and blood vessels.
• What is the structural and functional unit of the CNS?

  Neuron
• Neuron: receive and conduct IMPULSES or chemical processes
• What are the parts of a neuron?

  soma, dendrites, axon
• What are the 3 functions of neurons?

  sensory input, integration, and motor output
• Sensory input: ability to gather info and monitor what is occurring inside and outside of the body.
• Integration: process and interpret received information.
• Motor output: response made from stimuli
• What are the 2 that motor output has a ability to activate?

  Muscles and glands
• Soma: synthetic or trophic center for the entire neuron.
• Soma: contains the nucleus and most of the cell's organelles
• Dendrites: numerous elongated processes extending from the soma
• Dendrites: specialized to RECEIVE stimuli from other neurons.
• Axon: single long process ending at SYNAPSES specialized to generate and conduct action potentials to other cells
• Glial cells: Cells that support and surround neurons and provide nutrients and support.
• What do you call the cells that DO NOT CONDUCT IMPULSES?

  Glial cells
• Which is more numerous, neurons or glial cells? If yes, by how much more times?

  glial cells by 10 times
• LABEL

  A) neural tube

  B) neural tube

  C) neural tube

  D) Bone marrow

  E) neural crest

  F) neural crest

  G) CNS

  H) CNS

  I) Line ventricles and central canal of CNS

  J) CNS

  K) PERIPHERAL NERVES

  L) PERIPHERAL GANGLIA

  
• Microglia: Defense and immune-related activities
• Oligodendrocyte: Myelin production and electric insulation in CNS
• Satellite cells: Structural and metabolic support for neuronal cell bodies.
• Astrocyte: Structural and metabolic support of neurons, especially at synapses; repair processes.
• Microglia: Defense and immune-related activities
• Ependymal cell: Aid production and movement of CSF
• Schwann cell: Myelin production and electrical insulation in PNS
• LABEL:

  A) EPENDYMAL CELL

  B) OLIGODENDROCYTES

  C) ASTROCYTES

  D) MICROGLIA

  E) SCHWANN CELS

  F) SATELLITE CELLS

  
• Ependymal cells is located where?

  choroid plexus
• Ependymal cells facilitates the movement of what?

  Cerebrospinal fluid
• What helps in the Blood-brain barrier?

  Astrocytes
• What are the 3 layers of peripheral nerve?

  Epineurium, perineurium, endoneurium
• Epineurium: outermost DENSE IRREGULAR connective tissue that surrounds the peripheral nerve.
• Perineurium: thinner connective tissue layer that covers one or more individual fascicles.