Quarter 4

• Opera


  An art and musical form in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text (libretto) and a musical score, usually in an elaborate theatrical setting
• Opera


  • Western classical music form and tradition
  • Started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and soon spread throughout the rest of Europe
  • Acting, scenery, costumes, and sometimes dance
  • Performed in opera house, cultural center, theater, or auditorium
  • Accompanied by an orchestra or smaller musical ensemble, and the dialogue is entirely sung
• Filipino opera


  Filipino opera started during the middle part of the 19th century, influenced by Western art and music
• Foreign performers in the Philippines

  • Instrumental virtuosi
  • Opera singers
  • Spanish zarzuela performers
• Filipino opera


  • Tragedy, popular themes of romance, deceit, murder, vendetta, and other elements of human frailty
  • Some operatic works were based on previous literary creations: Rizal's Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
  • The tragic endings and unresolved conflicts made them excellent choices for an operatic production
• Local theaters in the Philippines

  • Zorilla Theatre
  • Principe Alfonso, Variedades, Quiapo, and Tondo Theaters
• Italian operas performed in the Philippines

  • Lucia di Lammermoor
  • La Boheme
  • La Traviata
• First Filipino opera


  Sandugong Panaginip by Pedro Paterno
• Pedro Paterno


  • Poet, novelist, musician, and government official
• Sandugong Panaginip first presented at the Zorrilla Theater


  August 2, 1902
• The Dreamed Alliance


  English title of Sandugong Panaginip, translated by M.W. Loving
• Bonifacio Abdon


  • First Filipino opera conductor
• Dr. Ramon Javier


  • First Filipino opera impresario who promoted local talents to participate in foreign productions
• Orchestra Molina


  Known for its interpretation of operatic works as well as other classical compositions
• Operatic divas at the Metropolitan Theater

  • Nelia Manalo as Violetta in La Traviata
  • Mercedes Matias-Santiago as Lucia in Lucia di Lamermoor
  • Jovita Fuentes as Mimi in La Boheme
• Lakangbini


  Filipino opera staged at the Metropolitan Theater on December 19, 1933
• Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)


  Established in 1969, paved the way for other Filipino operas to be staged at a legitimate venue of international standard
• La Loba Negra (The Black She-Wolf)


  A three-act Filipino opera
• La Loba Negra


  • Acts I and II are based on history
  • Act III is based on the legend of Fr. Jose Burgos, one of the three martyred priests, Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora who were executed in Bagumbayan (now Luneta) in 1872
  • The story focuses on the bitter reaction and planned revenge by his wife Doña Luisa (La Loba Negra) on the religious perpetrators
• Composer of La Loba Negra


  National Artist Francisco Feliciano
• Librettist of La Loba Negra

  Soprano Fides Cuyugan Asensio
• Noli Me Tangere


  Novel written by Dr. Jose Rizal to expose the ills of Spanish Catholic friars and the ruling government, completed in 1886
• The book Noli Me Tangere was banned by the Spanish, leading to Rizal's exile, imprisonment and execution
• Noli Me Tangere (opera)

  Composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla de Leon, with libretto by National Artist Guillermo Tolentino. It premiered in 1957 at the FEU Auditorium.
• Cast of Noli Me Tangere (opera)

  • Juanita Javier Torres as Maria Clara
  • Don David as Ibarra
  • Fides Cuyugan Asensio as Sisa
  • Milo Cristobal as Padre Damaso
• El Filibusterismo


  A sequel to Noli Me Tangere, tells the struggle of Filipinos to achieve freedom from Spaniards. Revolution was seen as the only hope for a change.
• Government and society became immoral and corrupt in El Filibusterismo
• El Filibusterismo (opera)


  Also composed by National Artist Felipe Padilla de Leon in three acts, with libretto in Filipino by Anthony Morli. It was staged at the Cultural Center of the Philippines in 1970.
• Cast of El Filibusterismo (opera)

  • Fides Cuyugan Asensio as Paulita
  • Constancio Bernardo as Simoun
  • Irma Potenciano as Juli
• Philippine Ballet


  Used to interpret stories of all kinds by allowing the characters to come alive in body movements or pantomime, not spoken dialogue
• Original Filipino ballets


  • Vividly present folktales based on local fables and epic from neighboring regions
• Lola Basyang


  Tatlong Kuwento ni Lola Basyang is a ballet adaptation of Severino Reyes' folktale Mga Kuwento ni Lola Basyang, aimed at rekindling Filipino youth's interest in Philippine Literature, featuring a grandmother telling fascinating stories to her grandchildren
• Lola Basyang ballet


  • Tatlong Kwuento ni Lola Basyang (2009)
  • Tatlo Pang Kuwento ni Lola Basyang (2013)
• Ang Kapatid ng Tatlong Marya


  A fantasy story, set to neo-ethnic music, and follows a hero's fantastical journey to various kingdoms, featuring music by Joey Ayala and choreography by Lisa Macuja-Elizalde
• Ang Mahiwagang Biyulin


  A local version of the Pied Piper tale features a violin-playing protagonist, teaching moral lessons about good triumphing over evil, with music by Ryan Cayabyab, arranged by Amold Buena, and choreography by Tony Fabella
• Ang Prinsipe ng Mga Ibon

  A love story involving a princess falling in love with a bird, with music from National Artists, arranged by Mon Faustino, and choreography by Osias Barroso
• Ang Palasyo ng Mga Duwende

  The story revolves around how Yani (The Protagonist) saves her father from the queens spell that put him to sleep and how she manages to survive the cruelty of her step mother and step sister back home
• Labindalawang Masasayang Prinsesa


  A romantic fantasy about the 12 daughters of the king who leave their bedroom at night to travel to an enchanted land and dance with the prince
• Anting-anting


  A horror comedy in which the cowardly hero Huan tries to overcome hi fears in order to win his love
• Rama Hari


  Translated as King Rama, is the Philippine literature. It was originally presented in 1980, with music by Ryan Cayabyab and choreography by National Artist Alice Reyes. The 2012 restaging had Christian Bautista/OJ Mariano as Ram, Karylle Tatlonghari/Kalila Aguilos as Sita, and Robert Sena as Ravana