characteristics

• What are positive symptoms?

  Symptoms the person is experiencing in addition to normal behaviour
• What are negative symtpoms?

  Symptoms that inhibit the individual from demonstrating normal behaviour
• What are hallucinations?

  -Positive symptom

  - Perceptions of the environment which are unreal
• What are the most common forms of hallucination?

  - Auditory

  - Visual

  - Tactile
• According the Lewandowski, how many people with schizophrenia experience tactile hallucinations?

  - Roughly 20%
• What is an example of a tactile hallucination?

  - Formication

  - Whereby they sense that there are insects crawling on or under their skin
• What are delusions?

  - Positive symptom

  - Beliefs that are not real

  - Often bizarre

  - Usually experienced despite a lack of evidence to support them
• What is disordered thinking?

  - Positive symptom

  - This is where an individual's thoughts seem to jump from one topic to another and shows no logical pattern
• How do you tell if someone has disordered thinking?

  - Can be seen within an individual's speech

  - Speech is often muddled and incoherent
• What are delusions of paranoia/persecution?

  - Idea that a person or organisation wants to harm the individual
• What are delusions of grandeur?

  - Individual believes that they hold some kind of superpower or are historical figure
• What is avolition?

  - Negative symptom

  - Individual indifferent to surroundings

  - Neither has the will or desire to take part in activities that they previously enjoyed

  - Distinct lack of goal-directed behaviour
• What is alogia?

  - Negative symptom

  - Reduction in amount of speech

  - Speech may lack meaning
• What is catatonic behaviour?

  - Negative symptom

  - Either repetitive movements to no movement at all

  - Individuals may move erratically, copy behaviours of others or remain immobile for prolonged periods
• What is flatness of affect?

  - Negative symptom

  - Appear to have no emotion

  - Lack of facial expressions or speech