TOPIC 1: NORMAL BLOOD CIRCUITRY AND BLOOD PRESSURE

• Largest artery of the body and carries blood from the heart to the circulatory system

  AORTA
• Large, valveless vein that conveys venous blood from upper half of the body and returns it to the right atrium

  SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
• Receives oxygen-poor blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle

  RIGHT ATRIUM
• Large blood vessel responsible for transporting deoxygenated blood from the lower extremities and abdomen back to the atrium of the heart

  INFERIOR VENA CAVA:
• Controls the flow of blood from your heart’s right atrium (top chamber) to the right ventricle (bottom chamber)

  TRICUSPID VALVE:
• Responsible for accepting venous blood and propelling it to the lungs where it is oxygenated and its CO2 is eliminated

  RIGHT VENTRICLE:
• Controls the flow of oxygen-poor blood from your heart to your lungs

  PULMONARY VALVE:
• Also known as interventricular septum

  VENTRICULAR SEPTUM:
• Refers to the triangular ventricles of the heart

  VENTRICULAR SEPTUM:
• Main chamber of the heart

  Left ventricle
• - Responsible for pumping- oxygen-rich blood into your aorta

  Left ventricle
• An aortic valve

  bicuspid valve
• contains only two cusps instead

  of three

  bicuspid valve
• • Controls the flow of blood from

  left ventricle to the aorta

  bicuspid valve
• Receives blood full of oxygen from the

  lungs then empties the blood into the left

  ventricle

  LEFT ATRIUM
• Final one encountered by oxygenated

  blood as it leaves the heart

  AORTIC VALVE
• Also called as aortic semilunar due to its

  semilunar shape

  AORTIC VALVE
• Also known as pulmonary artery

  PULMONARY TRUNK
• This artery directly connects with your

  heart at your pulmonary valve

  PULMONARY TRUNK
• Also known as lung veins

  PULMONARY VEINS
• Blood vessels that transfer freshly

  oxygenated blood from the lungs to the

  left atria of the heart

  PULMONARY VEINS
• Are the muscles that contract and relax to send

  blood throughout your body; a layer of muscular

  tissue called septum divides your heart walls into

  the left and right sides

  HEART WALLS
• is a

  conical-shaped sac which provides

  mechanical protection for the heart and

  lubrication to reduce friction between the

  heart and surrounding structures

  FIBROUS PERICARDIUM
• is a

  conical-shaped sac which provides

  mechanical protection for the heart and

  lubrication to reduce friction between the

  heart and surrounding structures

  SEROUS PERICARDIUM
• Outward pressure of blood against blood vessel

  walls; the product of blood flow coming from the

  heart and inward resistance of blood vessel walls

  BLOOD PRESSURE
• The force that acts to mobilize the blood

  PRESSURE
• carrying oxygenated blood;

  greatest pressure

  ARTERIES
• carrying unoxygenated blood;

  least pressure

  VEINS
• RESSITANCE VESSELS


  ARTERIES
• CAPACITANCE VESSELS


  VEINS
• HYDRAULIC EQUATION FOR BLOOD PRESSURE

  BP = CO x SVR
• Defined as the volume of blood pumped

  out by the heart per minute

  CARDIAC OUTPUT
• EQUATION FOR CARDIAC OUTPUT

  Cardiac Output = heart rate

  (HR) x Stroke volume (SV)
• also known as chronotropy

  CHRONOTROPY
• defined as

  the number of heartbeats per minute

  HEART RATE