Reading is not an effortless task as it requires complex cognitive process, transmissionofimages, and it is a languageskill that can be developed through constant practice.
3 Reading Proces:
Pre-reading
While-reading
Post-reading
Pre-reading - it aims to induce the readers’ motivation to read and to activate their schema or background knowledge.
While-reading - rereading the text until you fully understand its meaning
Post-reading - checking the understanding of the text after reading
Mastering basic reading skills enables a reader to increase their reading speed, comprehension, and overallvocabulary
Rapid reading - aims to locate specific information or main idea in a very short span of time
Skimming - getting the main idea by reading through the text quickly.
Scanning - it aims to get specific information from a given text
Previewing - it is a skill wherein a reader looks over a material and focuses on the information he/she finds relevant.
Inferential Reading – it refers to the process of deducing facts and ideas that are not directly expressed in the text.
Literal reading - it involves the understanding of ideas and facts that are directly stated in the printed material.
Critical Reading – it refers to the close and thorough evaluation of the claims in the text in terms of relevance, validity, and logic.
Critical reading - Distinguishing facts from opinion and detecting logical fallacies (faulty reasoning that appears convincing)
Developmental Reading - a systematic instruction which aims to develop the students' reading skills.
Pleasure Reading - a more passive type of reading that primarily aims to provide enjoyment and entertainment.
Functional Reading - designed to help students learn basic functional reading ability.
Remedial Reading -aims to correct the effects of poor teaching and poor learning.
Patterns of Development
- It is the logical arrangement of ideas that helps you to follow ideas easily, as well to recognize and predict ideals to understand a text better.
Definition – it helps to clarify ideas by answering the question of “what does it means?"
Exemplification – it organizes the idea; represents the general statement and provide specific concrete examples to expound on the main idea and clarify a point, argument, or concept
Description – a pattern that provides details on the idea by using sensory or spatial pattern or arranges ideas by location or physical space.
Chronology/Procedure/Listing – a pattern that organizes ideas or events chronologically according to time. It can be in the form of narration, process, or enumeration
Cause and Effect – a pattern that organizes details based on the cause (problem), and the result (solution) of a certain action or phenomenon
Compare and Contrast – a pattern that organizes ideas based on how similar or different two concepts from one and another
Plagiarism - Presenting someone else’s work as your own
Plagiarism - involve borrowing an idea from a book without properly attributing it to the author or copying and pasting information from a website into a project you’re working on
Although it is not a crime, it is punishable by law based on the CopyrightInfringement under Section 217 of R.A. No. 8293 or the Intellectual Property Code
To avoid committing plagiarism, always givecredit when quoting other people's works, paraphrasing their words, or summarizing their ideas.
Quote a text that conveys a powerful message or will show less impact if paraphrased or summarize
Change the words or phrasing of a passage, but retain and communicate the original meaning
Summarize should be shorter than the original passage
Paraphrasing is usually longer or samelength as the original text
criteria in evaluating sources:
relevance to the topic
authors'qualification
date of publication
accuracy of information
location of sources
Relevance to the topic - reading the overview (abstract or table of contents) or checking the title and headers to know if the source can support the topic
Authorsqualification - Check the author’s name, previous works, contact information, as well as, sources and citations
Date of publication - it is considred valid if it is published five years earlier
Accuracy of information
The tone of the author towards his/her subject must be formal
It must not sound biased or prejudiced
Location of sources
the source should be published in reputable sites those with edu., go., org.
avoid using blogs or wiki sites
have complete publication information
Why do we cite?
to give creditorattribution to the authorof the original work
To promotescholarlywriting
To help your target audience to identify your originalsource