Thermodynamics

Subdecks (2)

Cards (32)

  • Enthalpy is a measurement of the difference in energetic states before and after a reaction has occurred
  • What are the three types of motion?
    1. Rotational
    2. Vibrational
    3. Translational
  • The 2nd law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of the universe increases for any spontaneous reaction
  • The 3rd law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a pure perfect crystalline solid at 0 Kelvin is zero
  • Name the state functions
    1. Enthalpy
    2. Gibbs energy
  • For an endothermic reaction to be spontaneous at standard state conditions the reaction must have a positive entropy
  • For a reaction to always be spontaneous under standard state conditions, ∆H must be negative and ∆S must be positive
  • For a spontaneous process
    S(universe)>0∆S(universe)>0
  • The universe is composed of system and the surroundings+
    S(universe)=∆S(universe)=S(system)+∆S(system)+S(surroundings)∆S(surroundings)
  • Reversible process equation
    S(univ)=∆S(univ)=S(sys)+∆S(sys)+S(surr)=∆S(surr)=00
  • Irreversible process equation+
    S(univ)=∆S(univ)=S(sys)+∆S(sys)+S(surr)>0∆S(surr)>0