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Subdecks (2)
Gibbs Energy
Thermodynamics
6 cards
Entropy
Thermodynamics
15 cards
Cards (32)
Enthalpy
is a measurement of the difference in energetic states before and after a reaction has occurred
What are the three types of motion?
Rotational
Vibrational
Translational
The
2nd
law of thermodynamics states that the
entropy
of the universe increases for any spontaneous reaction
The 3rd law of thermodynamics states that the
entropy
of a pure perfect crystalline solid at 0 Kelvin is
zero
Name the state functions
Enthalpy
Gibbs energy
For an endothermic reaction to be spontaneous at standard state conditions the reaction must have a
positive
entropy
For a reaction to always be spontaneous under standard state conditions, ∆H must be
negative
and ∆S must be
positive
For a
spontaneous
process
∆
S
(
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
e
)
>
0
∆S(universe)>0
∆
S
(
u
ni
v
erse
)
>
0
The
universe
is composed of system and the
surroundings
+
∆
S
(
u
n
i
v
e
r
s
e
)
=
∆S(universe)=
∆
S
(
u
ni
v
erse
)
=
∆
S
(
s
y
s
t
e
m
)
+
∆S(system)+
∆
S
(
sys
t
e
m
)
+
∆
S
(
s
u
r
r
o
u
n
d
i
n
g
s
)
∆S(surroundings)
∆
S
(
s
u
rro
u
n
d
in
g
s
)
Reversible process equation
∆
S
(
u
n
i
v
)
=
∆S(univ)=
∆
S
(
u
ni
v
)
=
∆
S
(
s
y
s
)
+
∆S(sys)+
∆
S
(
sys
)
+
∆
S
(
s
u
r
r
)
=
∆S(surr)=
∆
S
(
s
u
rr
)
=
0
0
0
Irreversible process equation+
∆
S
(
u
n
i
v
)
=
∆S(univ)=
∆
S
(
u
ni
v
)
=
∆
S
(
s
y
s
)
+
∆S(sys)+
∆
S
(
sys
)
+
∆
S
(
s
u
r
r
)
>
0
∆S(surr)>0
∆
S
(
s
u
rr
)
>
0
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