GNED 15 (THE ART OF LITERATURE)

• Literature


  Any form of writing, such as essays, the whole body of literary work, often relating to a specific culture
• Why use literature


  • Literature is authentic material
  • Literature encourages interaction and creativity
  • Literature expands language awareness
  • Literature provides an avenue for students to learn about their own cultural heritage and the cultures of other people
  • Literature educates the whole person
• Through literature, we can help students become human
• Prose (Latin)


  Straightforward, literary medium characterized by greater irregularity and variety of rhythm and its close resemblance to the patterns of everyday speech
• Types of Prose


  • Fiction
  • Non-fiction
• Fiction


  Telling of stories which are not based on facts
• Types of Fiction


  • Fable
  • Parable
  • Folktale
  • Legend
  • Myth
  • Fairy tale
  • Short story
  • Novel
• Fable


  Features animals, plants and inanimate objects, or forces of nature which are given human qualities, and that illustrate a moral which at the end may be expressed explicitly as a maxim
• Parable


  Illustrates a moral or religious lesson, features human actors or agents
• Folktale


  Body of expressive culture, including tales, oral history, popular beliefs, transmitted through memory and rather than by printed page
• Legend


  Fictitious narrative, usually about origin, stories of some wonderful events passed down from generation to generation
• Myth


  Sacred story usually concerning the origin of the world, involves the supernatural and serves to explain the natural phenomena, active beings are gods and heroes
• Fairy tale


  A story that features folkloric characteristics such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, witches and giants, often involving far-fetched sequence of events, usually has a happy ending
• Short story


  Tends to be concise and less complex than novels, usually focuses on only one incident, has a single plot, a single setting, a limited number of characters and covers a short period of time
• Novel


  A long written, fictional, prose often having a complex plot, usually divided into chapters
• Types of Novels


  • Picaresque novel
  • Epistolary novel
  • Gothic novel
  • Roman a clef
  • Historical novel
  • Novel of manners
  • Novellette
  • Novella
• Picaresque novel


  Relates the adventure of a lowborn adventurer who drifts from place to place in an effort to survive
• Epistolary novel


  A novel told through the medium of letters by one or more of the characters
• Gothic novel


  A pseudomedieval fiction having a prevailing atmosphere of mystery and terror
• Roman a clef


  A "novel with a key", that is, whose characters and plot are related to real-life happenings
• Historical novel


  Story set amidst historical events, pioneered by Sir Walter Scott, attempts to convey the spirit, manners, and social conditions of the past
• Novel of manners


  Work of fiction that recreates a social worlds, conveying with finely detailed observation of customs, values and mores of a highly developed and complex society
• Novellette


  Short prose fiction having a word count between 7,500 and 17, 500 words in length, back in the day, the term referred to a story that was romantic or sentimental in character
• Novella


  Has a word count between 17, 500 and 40, 000, first introduced in the early Renaissance, sometimes called a long short story or a short novel
• Prose drama


  Literary work written in prose and intended for presentation by actors
• Types of Prose


  • Fiction
  • Non-fiction
• Non-fiction


  Telling of stories which are real or based on facts
• Essay


  A short literary composition often written from an author's point of view
• Biography


  Account of someone's life written or produced by another person
• Autobiography


  An account of somebody's life written by that person
• Diary/Journal


  A personal record of events in somebody's life
• Poetry


  Literary work written in verse
• Types of Poetry


  • Narrative poetry
  • Lyric poetry
• Narrative poetry


  Tells a story in richly imaginative and rhythmical language
• Epic


  A long, narrative poem, divided into distinct parts and episodes containing details of heroic deeds and events
• Ballad


  A short narrative poem intended to be sung, told in a simple, serious story, usually had a tragic ending
• Richard Cory: 'Whenever Richard Cory went down town, We people on the pavement looked at him: He was a gentleman from sole to crown, Clean favored and imperially slim. And he was always quietly arrayed, And he was always human when he talked, But still he fluttered pulses when he said, "Good-morning," and he glittered when he walked. And he was rich--yes, richer than a king– And admirably schooled in every grace: In fine, we thought that he was everything To make us wish that we were in his place. So on we worked, and waited for the light, And went without the meat and'
• Metrical Romance

  A long, rambling love story, chivalry and religion in verse, most characteristic of the Middle Ages
• Metrical Romance

  • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
• Metrical tale


  A short story in verse, simple, straightforward and realistic manner