Respiratory System

• All cells require a continuous supply of oxygen and must continuously get rid of metabolic waste product, carbon dioxide.
• Generally, the term respiration simply means ventilation or breathing.
• It is responsible for the exchange of gases between the body and the air, a process called respiration.
• External Respiration is the process by which gases are exchanged between the blood and the air.
• Internal Respiration is the process by which gases are exchanged between the blood and the cells of the body
• Cellular respiration is the process by which cells use oxygen for metabolism and give off carbon dioxide as a waste product.
• Laryng/o = Larynx
• Nas/o, Rhin/o = Nose
• Or/o = Mouth
• Pharyng/o = Pharynx
• Sin/o = Sinus; sinus cavity
• Alveol/o = Alveolus
• Bronch/o = Bronchus
• Bronchiol/o = Bronchiole
• Lob/o = Lobe (of the lung)
• Pleur/o = Pleura
• Pneum/o, pneumon/o = Air
• Pulmon/o = Lungs
• Thorac/o = Chest (thorax)
• Trache/o = Trachea
• Ox/o = Oxygen
• Respir/o, spir/o = Breathing
• -capnia = Carbon dioxide
• -ectasis = Expansion; dilation
• -xia = Oxygen (suffix)
• -pnea = Breathing (suffix)
• Functions of the Respiratory System

  • Air Distributor
  • Gas exchanger
  • Filters, warms, and humidifies air
  • Influences speech
  • Site for olfactory sensations
  • Assist in abdominal compression
• Organs of the Respiratory System

  • Nasal cavity
  • Nostril
  • Oral cavity
  • Larynx
  • Right main (primary) bronchus
  • Right lung
  • Pharynx
  • Trachea
  • Carina of trachea
  • Left main (primary) bronchus
  • Left lung
  • Diaphragm
• Laryngoplasty = surgical repair of the larynx
• Nasal = pertaining to the nose
• Oropharynx = portion of the pharynx behind the mouth
• Pharyngitis = inflammation of the pharynx
• Rhinoplasty = plastic surgery of the nose
• Sinography = x-ray recording of the sinuses
• Alveolar = pertaining to an alveolus
• Bronchitis = inflammation of the bronchi
• Bronchiolectasis = dilation of the bronchioles
• Lobar = pertaining to the lobe (of the lung)
• Pleuritis = inflammation of the pleura
• Pneumolith = a stone in the lungs