HEALTH EDUC

• Learning


  Permanent change in mental processing, emotional functioning, &/or behavior as a result of experience
• Learning theory


  A coherent framework of integrated constructs & principles that describe, explain, or predict how people learn
• Learning theories


  • Behavioral
  • Cognitive
  • Social
  • Psychodynamic
  • Humanistic
• Behaviorist learning theory


  • Learning is a permanent change in behavior
  • Stimulus-response
• Behaviorist learning theory


  • Watson & Pavlov/Guthrie (contiguity theorists)
  • Thorndike & Skinner (Reinforcement theorists)
• Behaviorist learning theory (Thorndike & Skinner)

  • Stimulus-response bonds are strengthened by reinforcement such as rewards & punishments
  • Behavior that is rewarded is more likely to occur
• Behavioral learning concepts


  • S-R Model
  • Respondent Conditioning (Pavlovian)
  • Systematic desensitization
  • Stimulus generalization
  • Discrimination learning
  • Spontaneous recovery
  • Operant Conditioning
• Respondent conditioning (Pavlovian)


  Emphasizes the importance of stimulus conditions & the associations formed in the learning process
• Respondent conditioning model of learning


  1. UCS → UCR

  2. NS+UCS → UCR

  3. Several pairings of NS+UCS → UCR

  4. CS →CR
• Systematic desensitization


  A technique base on respondent conditioning to reduce fear & anxiety
• Systematic desensitization


  • Treat drug addiction, phobias, tension headaches & ADHD/Autism to swallow pills
• Stimulus generalization


  • Listening to friends & relatives about hosp exp.
• Discrimination learning


  • Hospitalized a number of times
• Spontaneous recovery


  • Relapse prevention programs
• Unhealthy habits and addictive behaviors

  • Smoking
  • Alcoholism
  • Drug abuse
• Ways to increase probability of a response

  • Positive reinforcement
  • Negative reinforcement
• Ways to decrease/extinguish probability of a response

  • Nonreinforcement
  • Punishment
• Positive reinforcement


  • Say something humorous when late
• Negative reinforcement


  • Stomach ache to avoid the teacher
• Information processing model


  • Attention processing
  • Memory
  • Storage
  • Action
• Social learning theory


  Role modelling is the central concept
• Social learning theory


  • Mentor of a less experienced nurse
• Steps of social learning theory model

  • Attentional phase
  • Retention phase
  • Reproduction phase
  • Motivational phase
• Psychodynamic learning theory


  Emphasizes the importance of conscious & unconscious forces in guiding behavior, personality conflicts, & the enduring effects of childhood experience
• Humanistic learning theory


  Largely a motivational theory
• Humanistic learning theory


  • Maslow's Hierarchy of needs