CCLAB-TRACEELEMENTS

• TRACE ELEMENTS

  • Consist of metals, except selenium, halogens, fluoride, and iodine.
  • Essential trace elements are important for the maintenance of normal health and tissue and organ functions.
  • Trace elements have specific in vivo metabolic functions that cannot be effectively performed by other similar elements.
  • Concentration in tissue = < 1ug/g of wet tissue and < 0.01% of dry body weight
• Chromium

  • Function = enhances insulin action; for glucose and lipid metabolism.
  • Deficiency = insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance (type 2 DM), hyperlipidemia
  • Toxicity = skin ulcers, renal and hepatic necrosis

  Cobalt

  • Function = hemoglobin synthesis; component of B12
  • Deficiency = anemia, growth depression
  • Toxicity = heart failure, hypothyroidism
• Copper

  • Function = cellular respiration; collagen synthesis
  • Deficiency = Menkes' kinky hair syndrome, muscle weakness
  • Toxicity = interferes with absorption of iron and zinc

  Fluorine

  • Function = prevents dental carries
  • Deficiency = dental carries
• Iodine

  • Function = thyroid hormone synthesis
  • Deficiency = goiter, cretinism, myxedema
  • Toxicity = thyrotoxicosis

  Iron

  • Function = oxygen transport, component of hemoglobin
  • Deficiency = anemia
  • Toxicity = hemachromatosis
• Manganese

  • Function = bone and connective tissue functions
  • Deficiency = skeletal defects
  • Toxicity = psychiatric disorders, Parkinson's disease

  Molybdenum

  • Function = DNA metabolism
  • Deficiency = growth depression, cretinism, goiter
  • Toxicity = anemia, thyrotoxicosis
• Selenium

  • Function = prevents oxidative damage of lipid
  • Deficiency = Keshan disease
  • Toxicity = hair and nail loss, liver failure

  Zinc

  • Function = protein synthesis
  • Deficiency = acrodermatitis enteropathica, growth retardation, immune deficiency, infertility, delayed wound healing, osteoporosis
  • Toxicity = gastrointestinal irritation