Seperating mixtures

• Methods of separation:

  • filtration
  • evaporation
  • distillation
• filtration = seperates an insoluble solid from a liquid
• filtration -> mixtures pass through a filter funnel and paper -> solid residue is left behind on filtration paper and liquid filtrate drips through
• evaportation -> used to seperate a soluble from a liquid -> mixture is heated -> solvent evaportaed leaving solute behind

  
• Distillation -> used to seperate a soluble solid from a liquid to obtain the liquid
• Distillation process:

  1. salt water is heated causing water to boil and evaporate
  2. hot steam cooled back into liquid as it passes condenser
• fractional distillation is used to seperate two liquids with different boiling points
• Condenser in distillation = has a constant flow of cold water running through outside, cools steam causing to condense