Fuels and earth science

• Their

  ingy Vander
• 2 process

  process
• ed to besk
• Fuels and Earth Science

  Fractional Distillation
• sel and gas are called son-reseable fuse-they take so long to make that they're
• pech faster than they're being formed. They're frite resouroes-one day they run out.
• Oil


  Separated into Different Hydrocarbon Fractions
• ol is our moitasurce of hydrocarbons and is used as a row mehariel (sometimes coled
• to create lots of useful substances used in the petrochemical industry.
• ne of plants and animals. M's on-tanewable Urite) resource, ao one day it will run out.
• Dude all is a gomplex mixture of lots of different hydrocarbons-compounds which contain just
• rewed underground, over millions of years (at high temperatures and pressures) from the buried
• er hebs or thngs and see moofly alkanes (hydrocarbons with the general formula CH
• hudgen. The hydrocarbons found in crude of have their carbon atoms marged in
• Due of can be separeted out into fractions-
• simpler, more useful madures ocetsining groups of
• photone of similor langtha (.e. they have similar numbers of carbon and hydrogen atoms).
• Ts from crude ol, a.g petrol, karocene and diesel, are examples of non-watte food funds.
• e eran component of natural gas is safer ee-evable faul Fael.
• The dont fractions in crude oil are separated by fotional distillation

  1. The of is beated until most of it has turned into 2 The gender a

  2. column (and the liquid bit, bitumen, is drained off at the bottom).
• Natual guar
• gines which foreandergrand
• in a dimilar way to de
• be column there's a temperature gradient (e. It's bat at the bottom and gets cooler as you go up).
• og hydrossebons have higher boling points. They turn book into liquids and desin out of the
• nes when they're near the bottom. The shoelse hydrocarbons have lowse boiling points
• yum to liquid and drain out much later on, near to the top of the column where it's cooler.
• You end up with the crude oil mixture separated out into different fractions. Each fraction
• on a mbetura of hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes, with similar boling points.
• MATE NUMBER OF CARBONS IN THE

  • GROCARBONS IN THAT FRACTION
  • +4-3
  • ERACTION
  • Cases
  • COOL
  • Petrol
  • Keresene
  • Daal al
  • Dival Oll
  • Fud Oll
  • Cuckol
  • Bilburwen
  • VERY HOT
• The gases in this fraction
• as used in domatic
• heating and cooking
• Petrol is used as a fed in can
• Keresene io ed as a fla
• Daal al is used as a tal i co
• Dival Oll
• cars and lager videreg
• Fud Oll
• Fud oils used nake