upper

• what are the functions of the upper respiratory track?

  Filters, warms and humidifies incoming air -protecting the more delicate surfaces in the lower respiratory tract
• what is the respiratory epithelium?

  pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
• what is the respiratory mucosa


  The specialized membrane that lines the air distribution tubes in the respiratory tree
• what ispseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium referred to?


  respiratory mucosa and respiratory epithelium
• What is the superior part of the nasal cavity and what does it contain?

  contains the olfactory region
• What is the olfactory functions?

  Detectives odors by olfactory receptors in the superior portions of the nasal cavity
• What lines the olfactory region of the nasal cavity?

  Olfactory Epithelium
• what is the structure of olfactory epithelium?

  pseudostratified columnar epithelium, includes olfactory sensory neurones and basal cells
• what does the inferior respiratory in the nasal cavity contain?

  concha/turbinate
• what lines the inferior respiratory nasal cavity?

  Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
• what are the main parts of the concha/turbinate's?

  superior, middle and inferior
• what is the function of middle concha?

  seudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
• what is the function of the inferior concha?


  most responsible for warming, humidifying, and filtering the air breathed in through the nose.
• what is located in the upper respiratory tract?

  nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx and sinuses
• What is the pharynx?

  A muscular tube that serves as a pathway for both air and food, extending from the base of the skull to the esophagus.
• What is the nasopharynx?


  Upper portion, only an air passage.
• What is the nasopharynx lined with?

  pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
• What is the oropharynx?

  The middle part of the pharynx, located behind the oral cavity, extending from the uvula to the level of the hyoid bone.
• What is the oropharynx lined with?

  stratified squamous epithelium
• what is contained in the oropharynx

  palatine and lingual tonsils
• What is the larygopharynx?

  The lower part of the pharynx connects the oropharynx with the esophagus and the larynx.
• what is the function of the laryngopharynx

  It serves as a passage for both food and air and extends from the hyoid bone to the entrance of the oesophagus and larynx.
• What is the laryngopharynx lined with?

  nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
• Order of pharynx from top to bottom

  nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx
• What is the larynx?

  the hollow muscular organ forming an air passage to the lungs and holding the vocal cords
• where is the thyroid cartilage located?

  larynx
• Thyroid Cartilage


  The largest cartilage of the larynx, commonly known as the Adam's apple. It forms the front wall of the larynx and protects the vocal cords.
• Where is the cricoid cartilage located?

  below thyroid cartilage
• what is the cricoid cartilage?

  A ring-shaped structure that sits below the thyroid cartilage and above the trachea, providing support and connecting the larynx to the trachea.
• what is the epiglottis?

  a flap that flips down to cover the entry to the trachea during swallowing
• What is the glottis?


  Opening between vocal cords
• Corniculate Cartilages (paired) location


  sit on top of the arytenoids
• Cuneiform cartilages (paired) function?

  assist in opening and closing the vocal cords.
• where is cuneiform cartilage located?

  within the aryepiglottic folds
• What are the corniculate cartilages?


  assist in opening and closing the vocal cords.
• where is the Arytenoid Cartilages (paired) located?

  Paired cartilages located at the back of the larynx,
• what is the function of the cartilage cartilage

  Crucial for vocal cord movement and voice modulation
• what cartilage of the larynx is this?

  thyroid

  
• what cartilage of the larynx is this?

  cricoid

  
• what type of cartilage of the larynx is this?

  epiglottis