nature and tools of broadcast media

• Common attributes of radio and TV in terms of Accessibility

  • Universality
  • Popularity
• Content attributes of radio and TV in terms of content


  • Diversity (something for everyone)
  • Immediacy (live)
  • Reusability (use footages and broadcast anytime)
  • Impermanence (inexorable)
  • Research (based on research because profit-oriented and mass media, it is a business, make sure that what you provide is relevant so your content will sell)
• Capabilities of radio

  • More personal, may audio > mas may emotion
  • Does not require full attention, companion medium
  • Cheaper in print when it comes to distribution
  • Transcends iliteracy (main thing)
• Compared to print


  Transmits messages immediately, reaches many at one time, transcends illiteracy, the poor's main electronic medium, has emotional impact
• Compared to TV


  • Companion medium
  • Functional without electricity, portability
• Radio is better than online medium in terms of accessibility to the internet
• Limitations of radio

  • Companion medium (does not have listener's full attention - kaya dapat paulit ulit sa radio)
  • Reaches many at one time (once nagka-error, ang dami agad makakarinig ng errors)
  • Not ideal to explain complex processes (because of lack of visuals)
  • Inexorable (hindi pwedeng ipaulit, makikinig kung kailan irereplay)
• Capabilities of TV

  • Visual component
  • Great potential for education (visual to help people process complex ideas)
  • Ideal for presenting complex concepts/processes
  • Brings people, places, events to viewers
• Limitations of TV

  • Expensive to produce content in finance and time
  • Inexorable unless recorded
  • Electricity-dependent
• Basic equipment and facilities for radio and TV

  • Studios and announcer's booth (treated acoustically)
  • Control console (to mix sound channels)
  • Microphone
• Types of microphones

  • Omnidirectional/non directional - everywhere on all sides mapipickup if you want ambient sound/roundtable discussion
  • Bidirectional - 2 sides, interviews
  • Unidirectional - taas, ikaw lang maririnig, radio hosts/djs
• Handling microphones

  • Don't place where it may pick up iron filling or similar (magnetic)
  • Don't play or touch it while talking. Adjust before you use.
  • Don't make adjustments on units, this is tech's job
  • Tie cord to a firm point
  • Don't expose to extreme temp, gusts of wind
  • Test by talking
• Community TV basic equipment/facilities

  • Control room (nerve center where all elements of prod are channeled, coordinated, unified)
  • Camera
  • Tripod/pedestal
  • Video switcher (used to select sources of audio or video before being broadcast or recorded)
  • Lighting equipment
  • Mic (cordless, lapel, boom - nasa taas)
• 4 major areas of attention that can be changed thru cam

  • Distance between audience and subject
  • Amount of subject seen
  • Audience position in relation to subject
  • Angle at which subject is seen
• TV and radio basic equipment and facilities

  • Transmitter (generates signal to be broadcast - low-power FM: 5 to 500 watts to reach up to 30km radius, FM mas malinaw sa AM)
  • Antenna (emits transmitter's signal)
  • Field equipment (to produce programs or link field reports, remote microphone mixer)