The Cell Part 2

• Nucleus: houses genetic material, which directs all cellular activities and regulates cellular structure
• Which part of the nucleus produces ribosomal subunits?

  Nucleolus
• Nucleus is a large structure enclosed within a what?

  Double membrane
• DNA serves as the genetic material for directing what?

  Protein synthesis
• Nuclear envelope: Double membrane boundary between cytoplasm and nuclear contents
• The nuclear envelope is continuous with what?

  Endoplasmic reticulum
• What separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm?

  Nuclear membrane
• Nuclear pores: Openings through the nuclear envelope
• Nuclear pores: Allow passage of materials between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm
• What are some of the materials that can pass through the nuclear pore?

  RNA, proteins, ions, and small water-soluble molecules
• Nucleolus: Large and prominent structure within the nucleus
• Nucleolus: Functions In synthesis of ribosomes
• Cytoplasm: houses the contents of cells between the plasma membrane and nuclear envelope
• Cytoplasm: Responsible for many cellular processes
• Cytosol: Viscous fluid medium with dissolved solutes
• Cytosol: Provides support for organelles and serves as the viscous fluid medium through which diffusion occurs.
• Organelles: Membrane-bound and non-membrane-bound structures
• Organelles: Carry out specific metabolic activities of the cell
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum: Extensive Interconnected membrane network that VARIES IN SHAPE.
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum MODIFIES, TRANSPORTSM and STORES what that were produces by ATTACHED RIBOSOMES?

  Proteins
• The proteins produced by ribosomes in the RER are either what?

  become components of the PLASMA MEMBRANE or serve as ENZYMES of LYSOSOMES
• Smooth ER is the site of what?

  Lipid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism
• Rough ER is the site of what?

  Protein synthesis
• Which type of endoplasmic reticulum DETOXIFIES both drugs and alcohol?

  Smooth ER
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: Extensive Interconnected membrane network LACKING RIBOSOMES
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum forms what?

  Vesicles and Peroxisomes
• Golgi apparatus: Series of several elongated, flattened saclike membranous structures
• Golgi apparatus modifies, packages, and sorts materials that arrive from what in transport vesicles?

  Endoplasmic reticulum
• Golgi apparatus forms what?

  Secretory vesicles and LYSOSOMES.