Opera

• It means “place of seeing”, but it is more than the buildings where performance take place.


  Theatre
• To produce theatre, a playwright writes the scripts, the director rehearses the performance, the designer and the technical crew produce props to create the scenes, and actors and actresses perform on stage.


  Theatre
• Ancient Theater (700 B.C.E – 410 C.E)
• It began around 700 B.C. with festivals honoring their many gods.


  Greek Theatre
• The city state of Athens was the center of significant cultural, political, and military power during this period where the festivals and competitions were usually performed


  Greek Theatre
• Parts of a Greek Theater

  1. Theatron

  2. Parados

  3. Altar

  4. Skene

  5. Paraskenia
• THE THREE WELL-KNOWN GREEK TRAGEDY PLAYWRIGHTS

  1. EURIPIDES
  2. SOPHOCLES
  3. AESCHYLUS
• “Experience travel - these are as education in themselves.”

  EURIPIDES
• “Always desire to learn something useful”

  SOPHOCLES
• “Memory is the mother of all wisdom.”

  AESCHYLUS
• It is a compound of two Greek words, “tragos” or “goat” and “ode” meaning song. Referring to goats sacrificed to Dionysus before performance, or to goat-skins worn by the performers.


  TRAGEDY
• In Greece, it was the most admired type of play.


  TRAGEDY
• It dealt with tragic events and have an unhappy ending, esp. one concerning the downfall of the main character.

  TRAGEDY
• Thespis is the first and introduced the use of masks and was called as the father of tragedy.
• Were derived from imitation; there were no trace of origin.

  COMEDY PLAYS
• Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays.
• Out of these 11 plays, LYSISTRATA survived, a humorous tale about strong woman who led a female coalition to end war in Greece.
• Euripides also wrote Cyclops, an adventurous comedy
• Contains comic elements to lighten the overall mood or a serious play with a happy ending.

  SATYR PLAY
• This play was a short, lighthearted tailpiece performed.

  SATYR PLAY
• It is an ancient Greek form of tragic comedy.

  SATYR PLAY
• This featured half-man/ half-goat characters known as satyrs. They were awful, ridiculous, and usually drunk.


  SATYR PLAY
• The satyr characters lusted after everyone on stage, and they delivered the most humorous lines, often at the expense of others.
• Theater building were called theatron
• a large, open-air structures constructed on the slopes of a hill. It consists of three main elements: the orchestra, the skene, and the audience.


  Theater
• a large circular or rectangular area at the center part of the theater, where the play, dance, religious rites and acting took place.

  Orchestra
• viewing place on the slope of a hill

  Theatron
• stage

  Skene
• side entrance

  Parados
• Theater of ancient Rome started in the 3rd century BC.
• It had varied and interesting art forms, like festival performance of street theater, acrobatics, the staging of comedies of Plautus, and the high-verbally elaborate tragedies os seneca.


  Roman Theater
• Roman culture in the 3rd century BC had an intense and energizing effect on roman theater and encouraged the development of Latin literature.

  Roman Theater
• According to roman historian livy, in the 4th century BC, the Etruscan actors were the first experienced theater.
• Roman drama began with the plays of Livius Andronicus in 240 BC
• Greek theaters had a great influence on the roman’s theater too.
• Triumvir Pompey – was one of the first permanent (non-wooden) theaters in Rome, stucture is similar to the theatron of Athens.
• The building was a part of multi-use complex that included a large quadriporticus (a columned quadrangle), directly behind the scanae fron – an elaborated background of theater stage enclosed by the large columned porticos with an expansive garden complex of foundations and statues.

  Theater of Pompey
• There were also room that were dedicated to the exposition of art and other works collected by Pompey Magnus located along the stretch of covered arcade.
• The usual themes for roman theater plays were chariots races, gladiators, and public executions.
• Romans loved a good spectacle. They loved to watch combat, admired blood sports and gladiator competition. The more realistic the violence, the more it pleased roman audiences.

  Theater of Pompey