THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

• it takes _ for your dinner to wind its way

  24 hours
• mouth has _ strong teeth

  28
• keeps the food moving around

  tongue
• flap of cartilage that closes off the windpipe

  epiglottis
• most grown up have _ teeth

  32
• food would get to your stomach even if you were standing because of

  peristalsis
• • produce most of the saliva
  • full of enzymes that help break down food

  salivary glands
• esophagus is also known as

  gullet
• squeeing motion of muscles throughout digestive system

  peristalsis
• stretchy muscular bag (tennis ball if empty, football if full)


  stomach
• digestive juices + acid

  chyme
• 6.5 meters long 3cm wide. lining is called villi (singular is villus)


  small intestine
• • soaks up water, salts, and minerals from indigestible leftovers
  • 1.5m long


  large intestine
• lining of the small intestine is covered with teeny finger-like bump called

  villi
• largest internal organ and has about 500 diff jobs


  liver
• green pear-shaped storing bile

  gallbladder
• a liquid that aids digestion

  bile
• sits behind the stomach and makes chemicals called enzymes, which help digest nutrients. also makes insulin


  pancreas
• hormone which help control your blood sugar levels

  insulin
• stores "good bacteria"


  appendix
• crushing food with your teeth

  mechanical digestion
• breaks down starch


  salivary amylase
• enzyme is used to break chemical bonds


  chemical digestion
• prevents food from going down your trachea (windpipe)

  epiglottis
• break the food up and mix it

  muscular contractions
• begins in the stomach as pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides

  protein digestion
• could digest stomach itself

  pepsin
• stomach secrets an _ form of pepsin

  inactive
• gets converted into pepsin in the presence of acid


  pepsinogen
• valve that you need to pass through before entering the small intestine

  pyloric sphincter
• digests remaining macromolecule into their building blocks

  small intestine
• makes bile which goes to gallbladder or small intestine

  liver
• stores bile until it is needed

  gallbladder
• emulsifies fats 


  bile
• detergent to break up clumps of fat into smaller droplets

  bile
• fats are


  hydrophobic
• higher surface means _ to digest with enzymes


  easier
• produces many types of digestive enzymes

  pancreas
• digested in the small intestine

  nucleic acids
• nucleic acids+nuclease


  nucleotides