Lesson 5 - Political Globalization

• POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION

  • Refers to the growth of the worldwide political system (the process for making official government decisions), both in size and complexity
• “Refers to the intensification and expansion of political INTERRELATIONSHIPS across the globe“ - Manfred B. Steger
• KEY PLAYERS OF Political Globalization

  1. States
  2. Institutions of Global Governance
  3. International Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
  4. Social Movement Organizations
• ELEMENTS OF A STATE:

  1. PEOPLE
  2. TERRITORY
  3. GOVERNMENT
  4. SOVEREIGNTY
• World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Trade Organization (WTO) are examples of?

  Institutions of Global Governance
• International Red Cross, GreenPeace, World Wildlife Fund are examples of?

  International Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
• NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION

  • Organizations independent from the government
• INTERNATIONAL NGO

  • Same mission as an NGO, but has outposts around the world to deal with specific issues in many countries.
• Vegan movement, Gay rights movement, Feminist movement are examples of Social Movement Organizations.
• SOCIAL MOVEMENT ORGANIZATIONS

  • A specific social movement that is usually composed of many social movement organizations – formal organizations that share movement’s goals
• POLITICAL GLOBALIZATION refers to the INTENSIFICATION and EXPANSION of political INTERRELATIONSHIPS across the

  globe
• UNITED NATIONS

  • The international body composed of the FAMILY OF NATIONS
• United Nation has 193 MEMBER STATES
• QUALIFICATION OF MEMBERSHIP:

  [1] MUST BE A STATE

  [2] MUST BE PEACE-LOVING

  [3] MUST ACCEPT THE OBLIGATIONS AS A MEMBER

  [4] IN THE JUDGMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION, BE ABLE AND

  WILLING TO CARRY OUT SUCH OBLIGATION
• PURPOSE OF THEUNITED NATIONS

  1. To maintain international peace and security
  2. To develop friendly relations among nations
  3. To achieve international cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems
  4. To promote respect for human rights
  5. To be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations towards those common goals
• PRINCIPAL ORGANS OF THE UNITED NATIONS:

  [1] GENERAL ASSEMBLY

  [2] SECURITY COUNCIL

  [3] ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

  [5] INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE
• GENERAL ASSEMBLY

  • This is the central organ of the UN, the principal deliberative body of the organization
• General Assembly - Deliberates on issues such as membership and

  budget
• Security council - An organ of the UN primarily responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security.
• Security council is composed 15 states.
• 5 of which are permanent member-states of security council, namely: France, USA, China,Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom
• These countries were all allies in World War II, which turned out victorious. They are also all nuclear weapons states

  France, USA, China, Russia Federation, and UK
• 10 countries (2 year term)are selected by the GA to be members of security council.
• ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

  • An organ of the UN primarily responsible for the deliberation of economic and social issues
• Composed of 54 states with a 3 year term

  Economic and social council
• INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE

  • An judicial organ of the UN primarily responsible for the promotion of justice
• ICJ Jurisdiction - the court is competent to entertain a dispute if the states concerned have accepted the jurisdiction.
• The International Criminal Court

  (ICC) was created on 1 July 2002
• ICC investigates and punishes people for genocide, crimes

  against humanity, and war crimes.
• ICC investigate three kinds of

  crime:

  [1] Crimes that were committed in member-countries

  [2] Crimes that were committed by people from member-countries

  [3] Crimes that the United Nations Security Council wants the ICC to investigate
• On March 17, 2019, the Philippines officially withdrew from the International Criminal Court, after the Supreme Court declined to overrule President

  Rodrigo Duterte’s decision to leave the world’s only permanent war crimes tribunal.
• “GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP”

  • The idea that all people have rights and civic responsibilities that come with being a member of the world, with whole-world philosophy and sensibilities, rather than as a citizen of a particular nation or place.
• Global Citizenship - The idea is that one’s identity transcends geography or political borders and that responsibilities or rights are derived from membership in a broader class: "humanity".
• “GLOBAL CIVICS”

  • Proposes to understand civics (the way people behave which affects others) in a global sense as a social contract among all world citizens in an age of interdependence and interaction.
• Global civics

  • The notion that we have certain rights and responsibilities towards each other by the mere fact of being human on Earth
• Global civics

  • According to this notion, in an increasingly interdependent world, world citizens need a compass that would frame mindsets on a global scale, and create a shared consciousness and sense of global responsibility related to specific world issues (such as issues related to the environment and use of weapons for mass destruction).
• TRANSNATIONALISM

  • Refers to the diffusion and extension of social, political, economic processes in between and beyond the sovereign jurisdictional boundaries of nation-states
• TRANSNATIONALISM

  • Focuses not only on state-actors, but also on non-state actors such as International NGOs, Institutions of Global Governance, and Social Movement Organizations.
• TRANSNATIONAL CITIZENSHIP

  • Redefines traditional notions of citizenship and replaces an individual's singular national loyalties with the ability to belong to multiple nation states, as made visible in the political, cultural, social and economic realms.
• Unlike national citizenship, where individuals interact in such

  capacities with one sovereign state, transnational citizenship

  transcends pre-established territorial boundaries in order to

  create a modern meaning of "belonging" in an increasingly

  globalized society