History of Film

• 1895 : Lumiere Brothers - first moving pictures.
• film developed from early short films to full-length feature films; principles of film making were established

  • continuity
  • principles of lighting
• 5 major studios:

  MGM

  Warner Bros

  Paramount

  Fox

  RKO
• 3 minor studios:

  Columbia

  Universal

  United Artists
• The Jazz Singer: Alan Crossland, 1927, Al Jolson (Sound)
• Becky Sharp: Rouben Mamoulian, 1935 (Colour)
• Paramount case: caused destruction of vertical integration in the film industry meaning production, distribution and exhibition were not controlled by one studio. (1948)
• 1950s: wide screen, 3D technology
• Late 1950s: Lightweight portable cameras
• Early 60s: French New Wave
• 1960s: rise of independent cinema
• 1970s: stedicam technology developed by Garrett Brown
• 1990s: use of computer generated imagery (CGI)
• 1995: First CG full length cartoon, Toy Story (Jon Lasseter)
• 2000s: lightweight cameras and mobile phone technology brought a rise in 'citizen film-making'
• 2007:Netflix created
• 2010s: successful feature length films shot by I-phones now released.
• 2017:film and tv streaming and download services surpass DVD sales.
• 2018:Avengers Infinity War first to be shot only in IMAX cameras.