Unit: 4 Middle Childhood

• Sleep needs deline from 10 to 13 hours a day for 3 - 5 yr olds and 9 to 11 hours for ages 9- 13
• Acute medical conditions are occasional, short term conditions
• Chronic medical conditions are physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions that persist for 3months or more
• 2 chronic conditions involved in middle childhood are asthma and diabetes
• Chronic respiratory disease,by sudden attacks of coughing, wheezing gand difficulty of breathing is asthma
• High levels of glucose in the blood and result of defective insulin production is diabetes
• stage of Piaget in middle childhood enters concrete operations
• In concrete operational they children can use mental operations, can use logic but not abstract thinking
• The advances in cognitive abilities in middle childhood are spatial relationships, seriation, transitive inferences and class inclusion clue: SR, S, TI, CI
• It is  Causality if the children know why certain things happen
• Categorization occur when children organize objects into categories
• Seriation is the ability to order items along dimensions
• Transitive inferences are the understanding of the relationship between 2 objects by knowing its relationship into the third object
• Class inclusion is the understanding of the relationship between a whole and its part
• Selective attention when children can focus on the info they need and want
• Mnemonics is the strategy to aid memory
• Different strategy to aid memory is 1. External memory aids 2. Rehearsal 3. Organization 4. Elaboration
• It is the understanding of the process of memory is calle metamemory
• Mnemonic using something  outside the person is called external memory aid
• Mnemonic that u ses conscious repetition is called rehearsal
• Mnemonics that  Places info into categories is organization
• Mnemonic that associates items with something else such as imagine story or scene is called Elaboration
• These are the 5  psychometric approach in middle childhood

  Clue:W, SB, OL, KAB, DT
• In this psychometric approach children are asked to classify items, display general information, follow directions etc is calle Otis Lennon School Ability Test also called as OLSAT8
• Kaufman Assessment battery for children is used to evaluate cognitive abilities in children with diverse needs
• It is a type of test that is based on vygotsky's theories that focuses on childs zone of proximal development is dynamic test
• Tell me Gardner's multiple intelligences (8)

  clue: L, LM, S,M , Bk, I,I,N
• Sternberg proposes Triarchic theory of intelligence
• Analytic aspect of intelligence is called componential element
• Triarchic theory of inttelligence by sterberg is componential, experiential, and contextual
• intelligence that is practical helps people deal with environment is called Contextual
• This element is insightful or creative determines how people approach familiar task is called experiential element
• Sternberg's term for info that is not formally taught but is necessary for development is called Tacit knowledge
• Give me the second language learning in middle childhood there are 4
• Approach to teaching english as second language presented in only english is called English immersion approach
• A person is a Bilingual if he/ she is fluent in two languages
• System of teaching where it teaches native language first then later switching to englsih is called Bilingual education
• Two way learning is when english speakers and non english speakers learn together in their own & each others languages
• Emphasizes decoding of unfamiliar words is ohoneyic approach
• Retrieving the sound of a printed word when seeing the word as a whole is visually based retrieval