Cell Cycle

• Cell cycle: regular sequence of events that produce new cells
• What type of cells are used during MITOSIS?

  Somatic cells
• What type of cells are used during MEIOSIS?

  gametes
• What do you call the period between cell divisions?

  Interphase
• G1 PHASE: metabolically active cell duplicates most of organelles and cytosolic components
• What phase does replication of chromosomes begin?

  G1 phase
• Cells that remain in the G1 phase for a very long, and possibly never divide again, are said to be where?

  G0 phase
• S PHASE: replication of DNA and centrosomes
• G2 PHASE: cell growth, enzyme and protein synthesis continue; replication of centrosomes complete
• During the mitotic phase, parent cell produces IDENTICAL cells with identical CHROMOSOMES
• What phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes become visible?

  Mitotic phase
• PROPHASE: chromatin fibers condense into paired CHROMATIDS
• PROPHASE: nucleus and nuclear envelope disapper
• PROPHASE: each centrosome moves to an opposite pole of the cell
• METAPHASE: centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at metaphase plate
• ANAPHASE: centromeres split; identical sets of chromosome move to opposite poles of cell
• TELOPHASE: nuclear envelope and nucleoli reappear; chromosome resume chromatin form; mitotic spindle disappears
• CYTOKINESIS: cytoplasmic division; contractile ring forms cleavage furrow around center of cell, dividing cytoplasm into separate and equal portions
• What is the starting product of mitosis?

  Diploid somatic cells
• What is the starting product of meiosis?

  diploid gametes
• What is the end product of mitosis?

  diploid somatic cells
• What is the end product of meiosis?

  4 haploid gametes