Digestive System

• Digestive System - is the system responsible for breaking down food into smaller pieces.
• Digest - breakdown of the large molecules into smaller molecules
• 2 types of Digestion

  1. Chemical - Enzymatic reaction
  2. Mechanical - Manual processes
• Phases of Digestion

  1. Ingestion
  2. Movement
  3. Digestion
  4. Absorption
  5. Elimination
• Mouth - uses both mechanical and chemical digestion
• Teeth/Incisors - breaks down food into small pieces
• Tongue - mixes food with saliva
• Uvula - secretes saliva
• Tonsils - serves as the first line of defense
• Indicate the missing part(s):

  A) Incisors

  B) Soft Palate

  C) Uvula

  D) Tonsil

  E) Tongue

  
• Differentiate the ff.

  1. Normal
  2. Bacterial Tonsilitis
  3. Viral Tonsilitis
• Epiglottis - the flap-like structure at the back of the throat, is responsible for closing the trachea to prevent food from entering. And is located at the pharynx.
• Esophagus - muscular tube responsible for movement of bolus (food), whereas it takes the bolus by waves of muscle contraction called the peristalsis.
• Bolus - A ball of food that is swallowed into the mouth and chewed. and will be passed to the esophagus.
• Stomach - J-shaped muscular bag that stores food and breaks it down into tiny pieces. This is the organ responsible for mixing food with hydrochloric acids that contains enzymes to breakdown proteins and lipids.
• Chyme - Incomplete digested food that is a liquid that passes from the stomach through the small intestine
• Gerd - occurs when the sphincter is broken which would cause acid reflux
• Small Intestine - absorbs majority of the nutrients from the chyme to the blood.
• Large Intestine - absorbs leftover nutrients from the small intestine, its main goal is to convert food into stool.
• Rectum & Anus - short term storage for holding feces.
• Liver - largest organ, which is primarily responsible for producing bile which breaks down fats.
• Gall Bladder - responsible for bile storage