1.2.4: Types of programming language

• What are programming paradigms?

  Different approaches to using a programming language to solve a problem.
• Which two broad categories are programming paradigms split into?

  • Imperative
  • Declarative
• State the advantages of procedural programming

  • Can be applied to a wide range of problems.
  • Relatively easy to write and interpret.
• State a use of declarative programming:

  • Expert Systems/ Knowledge-based Systems.
  • Artificial Intelligence.
• Identify the four main structures used in structured programming

  • Sequence
  • Selection
  • Iteration
  • Recursion
• How does assembly language differ from machine code?

  
  

  Assembly language uses mnemonics rather than binary. One line in assembly language is equal to one line in machine code.
• What is the function of the STA mnemonic?

  Storing the value in the Accumulator at the given memory address.
• What is the function of the BRP mnemonic

  Branches to a given address if the value in the Accumulator is positive. It is a conditional branch.
• State the function of the opcode and operand

  The opcode specifies the instruction to be performed and the addressing mode. The operand holds a value which is related to the data on which the instruction is to be performed.
• State four addressing modes

  • Immediate Addressing
  • Direct Addressing
  • Indirect Addressing
  • Indexed Addressing
• What is a class?

  A template for an object that defines the state and behaviour of an object. An object is an instance of a class
• Give one disadvantage of Object Oriented Languages

  • Requires a different style of thinking which can be difficult for programmers accustomed to other paradigms to pick up.
  • OOP may not be suited to all types of problems.
  • Generally unsuitable for smaller problems.