MUSIC

• one of the most important source of musical expression in the romantic period was the Opera.
• the last considered classical composer and considered first of the romantic one is Franz Peter Schubert
• The proper name of Franz Peter Schubert's song is "Lieder" which means "song" in german.
• Franz Peter Schubert composed the song "Ave Maria"
• Giuseppe Verdi, his songs are mostly serious love stories with unhappy endings.
• Verdi composed 25 songs throughout his career.
• Giuseppe Verdi composed "Rigoletto La Dona E Mobile"
• Giacomo Puccini belonged to a group of composers who stressed realism.
• Giacomo Puccini composed "La Boheme"
• Richard Wagner was an advocate of a new form of opera which he called "music drama"
• Richard Wagner composed "The Ride Of The Valkyries" from 'DIe Valkyrie'
• Georges Bizet, his most famous opera was called "Carmen"
• Georges Bizet's "Carmen" first opened in paris, it received terrible reviews
• Opera is a musical composition having all or most of its text set to music with arias, recitative, choruses, duets, trios, etc.
• The text of an opera is called a Libretto
• The book that the composers and librettist put together is called a Score
• Declamatory singing, used in prose parts and dialogue of opera is called Recitative
• An air or solo singing part sung by a principal character is called Aria
• The main divisions of an opera is called Acts
• The setting or the place is called Scene
• The highest male voice is Tenor
• It is the common male voice, it is called Baritone
• The lowest male voice is Bass
• The highest female voice is Soprano
• The highest soprano voice is Coloratura
• Lyric is bright and full sound
• Dramatic is darker full sound
• The most common female voice is Mezzo-Soprano.
• The lowest female voice is Contralto
• Acapella - one or more singers performing without instrumental accompaniment
• Cantabile - in a singing style
• Capo - head, the begining
• Coda - closing section
• Dolce - sweetly
• Falsetto - a weaker or more airy voice
• Glissando - sliding quickly between 2 notes
• Passagio - parts of a singing voice where register transitions occur
• Rubato - slight speeding up or slowing down
• Tessitura - most comfortable singing range of a singer
• Vibrato - rapidly repeatedly slight pitch variation during a sustained note