Science 10: 4th Monthly

• Reproductive System


  Tissues, glands, and organs for producing offspring

  The biological system is made up of all anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.
• Male Reproductive System


  Includes penis, testes, scrotum, etc.
• Female Reproductive System


  Includes vagina, ovaries, cervix, etc.
• Spermatogenesis


  Process of producing sperm cells
• Oogenesis


  Formation of egg cells/ova
• Gonads


  are glands that produce hormones that are involved in reproduction and other functions of the body. Those hormones include estrogen, progesterone and testosterone. Female gonads are the ovaries and male gonads is the testes.
• Mammalian Embryogenesis


  Cell division and differentiation in prenatal development
• Zygote


  Single-celled organism from a fertilized egg

  divides to become a ball of cells that eventually implants in the wall of the uterus.
• Embryo


  Early human development stage forming critical structures

  Termed as fetus beginning in the 11th week of pregnancy, which is the 9th week of development after fertilization of the egg.
• Intersexuality


  Conditions with unclear male or female genitalia
• Cryptorchidism


  Genital abnormality with missing testes in scrotum
• Cervical Cancer


  Abnormal cell growth starting in the cervix
• Prostate Cancer


  Common male cancer starting in the prostate gland
• Infertility


  Inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months
• In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)1. process of fertilization where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro.

  Mature eggs are collected from ovaries and fertilized by sperm in a lab. Then a procedure is done to place one or more of the fertilized eggs, called embryos, in a uterus, which is where babies develop. One full cycle of this takes about 2 to 3 weeks.
• Stem Cell Therapy


  Use of immature cells for medical procedures

  immature cells are able to make other blood cells that mature and function as needed. These cells are used in procedures, such as bone marrow transplants.
• The endocrine system


  is a complex network of glands and organs. It uses hormones to control and coordinate your body's metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth and development, and response to injury, stress, and mood
• Interstitial cells or interstitial cells of Leydig


  are endocrine cells found in the area between seminiferous tubules in the testes. They are responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics by secreting androgen and testosterone
• Diabetes mellitus


  is a condition in which the body does not produce enough of the hormone insulin, or the insulin produced does not work effectively, resulting in high levels of sugar in the blood
• thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine, and triiodothyronine (T3).


  The main hormones produced by the thyroid gland
• Hypothyroidism


  happens when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough thyroid hormone. It lowers the body metabolism. People with this is sluggish; his movement is very slow
• Hyperthyroidism


  Hyperactivity of the thyroid gland. Happens when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone. This condition also is called overactive thyroid. Hyperthyroidism speeds up the body's metabolism.
• Parathyroid hormone (PTH)


  is a hormone your parathyroid glands release to control calcium levels in your blood. It also controls phosphorus and vitamin D levels. If your body has too much or too little parathyroid hormone, it can cause symptoms related to abnormal blood calcium levels.
• Insulin


  is the key hormone of carbohydrate metabolism, it also influences the metabolism of fat and proteins.
• The central nervous system


  is the brain and spinal cord
• brain


  is an organ of nervous tissue that is responsible for responses, sensation, movement, emotions, communication, thought processing, and memory.
• Spinal cord


  is to send motor commands from the brain to the peripheral body as well as to relay sensory information from the sensory organs to the brain.
• The peripheral nervous system


  Consisting of nerves that arise from the brain and spinal cord, Includes the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord. Also carries information to and from the central nervous system.
• Neuron


  Are nerve cells that send messages all over your body to allow you to do everything from breathing to talking, eating, walking, and thinking. transmitting messages from one body part to another, functional units of the nerves. They are also called the nerve cell
• B vitamins


  Are a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. They are a chemically diverse class of compounds; some contain sulfur and B12 contains cobalt.
• Sympathetic nervous system


  Carries signals that put your body's systems on alert. Heartbeat faster
• Parasympathetic nervous system


  Carries signals that relax those systems. Slows down heartbeat
• Cardiomyopathy


  Causes the heart to lose its ability to pump blood well.
• Osteopetrosis


  Disorder that affects the bone
• Estrogen or o estrogen


  Used by hitler to not hurt paula
• ovum


  Egg cell
• Vitamin B


  Essential to brain function
• cranial nerves


  Arise from brain
• NERVOUS SYSTEM


  brain and nerves which is connected to our organs
• Estrogen


  Primary female sex hormone