SOIL

• SOIL

  is an essential component of earth that has enabled life to exist on the planet and continue to support it.
• SOIL


  the thin layer of material covering the earth’s surface and is formed from weathering of rocks and organic matter
• SOIL


  it is a semi-renewable type of resources because it is sustainable and can naturally be created by a significant amount of decomposed materials
• SOIL


  it forms the pedosphere
• PEDOSPHERE

  the foundation of terrestrial life on this planet
• PEDOSPHERE

  is the living skin of earth which result of the dynamic interaction among the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and hydrosphere
• SOIL


  is composed of both biotic and abiotic factors    
• SOILCOMPONENTS


  it is made up mainly of 45% of mineral particles, 25% air, 25% of water, and 5% or organic  matter 
• SOIL

  it occurs when a parent material goes through a series of transformation that leads to the formation of soil layers  
• SOILFORMATION


  also called as PEDOGENESIS
• PEDOGENESIS


  refers to the process of soil evolution under physical, chemical, biological , and geological factors
• PARENT MATERIALis the preliminary solid material that makes up the soil
• PARENT MATERIAL

  it may be include rocks , water, deposits that have infiltrated the soil, volcanic materials and organic matter
• PARENT MATERIAL

  it affects the soil bcuz it influence its composition
• ORGANISM

  It include plants, animals, microorganism and human that affects the soil
• CLIMATE

  Refers to the weather that generally affects the transformation of soil over a long period of time
• CLIMATE


  It directly affects the soil formation due to temperature and precipitation
• TOPOGRAPHY

  It include geological structure , the elevation of the sea level , the slope and the configuration
• ALLUVIAL


  water transported
• COLLUVIAL

  ·        gravity transported
• AEOLIAN


  wind transported
• TIME

  -         Refers to the amount of time it took for the soil to develop
• TIME

  It can cause effects on the composition of the soil, such as the accumulation of clay and lime in the subsoil due to downwards translocation
• WEATHERING

  Refers to the physical, chemical, or biological breakdown of rocks and minerals
• ACCUMULATION

  Refers to the new minerals , organic matter, and decomposing materials  added to the top layer of the soil through wind, water, ,or ice
• LEACHING

  Refers to the removal of soluble components from the top layer of the soil
• TRANSFORMATION

  Materials are then carried away from from upper layer and are deposited in the lower horizons
• SOIL TEXTURE

  is defined as the relative proportion of the particles sizes in the soil, sand, clay, and silt
• SOIL TEXTURE


  is an important aspect of soil bcuz it influences the soil’s ability to retain and transmit water and air
• SOIL TEXTURE DIAGRAM


  it is a triangular chart used to classify soils based on texture
• USDA


  identified 12 soil texture classes
• SAND

  poorest type of soil for growing plants due to very low nutrients and poor water holding capacity
• SILT

  they are high in fertility rating but can be easily compacted and are prone to washing away the rain
• CLAY


  contains the heaviest particle and very good water storage qualities  but makes it hard for moisture and air to penetrate into it
• LOAM


  is a combination of sand, silt, and clay such that the beneficial properties of each are included
• SOIL ORDER


  scientist also developed a soil classification system to identify soil
• GELISOLS

  frozen soil found in the coldest region on earth
• HESTISOLS

  high organic content and waste
• SPODOSOL


  sandy and acidic soil found in moist climate that often support dense forest
• ANDISOL

  composed of volcanic ash