history of ph literature

• Oral literature


  Literature handed down by word of mouth from one generation to another
• Contributions to early Philippine literature

  • Songs and superstitious beliefs by Negritoes
  • Folktales, epics, paganistic faith, and legends by Indons
  • Baybayin, legends, folktales, "balangay" system of government, and proverbs by Malays
• Riddles


  Puzzles that usually consist of two lines that rhyme, considered as the early forms of poetry
• Early drama


  Paganistic rituals led by babaylan, a priest or priestess
• Forms of literature found by the Spaniards

  • Prose (legends, fables, folktales)
  • Poetry (riddles, proverbs, sayings)
• Doctrina Christiana


  The first output of the printing press set up by the Spaniards in 1593
• Pasyon


  Relates the life and death of Christ, used to replace the old epics
• Metrical romance of European origin

  • Awit
  • Corrido (e.g. Florante at Laura, Ang Alamat ng Ibong Adarna)
• May Bagyo Ma't May Rilim


  The first printed literary work in Tagalog (1605)
• Ang Pagsusulatan ng Dalawang Binibini na sina Urbana at Feliza


  The first known published prose in the form of a letter, by Modesto de Castro
• Biag ni Lam-ang


  The first recorded epic (1889) among the Christian Ilokos
• Plays staged by the Spaniards

  • Cenaculo (depicts the life and passion of Christ)
  • Santacruzan (portrays Reyna Elena's search for the cross where Christ died)
• The three priest-martyrs were executed, leading to a clamor for change against Spanish abuses


  1872
• Propaganda Movement


  Aimed to clarify issues, denounce abuses and injustices, and refute accusations, with its newspaper La Solidaridad
• Ninay


  The first novel published by Pedro Paterno in 1885, which awakened national consciousness
• Dasalan at Tocsohan


  Marcelo H. del Pilar's most daring work against the friars
• Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas and Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa


  Printed in the Katipunan's paper Kalayaan to campaign for freedom
• The Spaniards formally turned over the Philippines to the governance of America in conformity with the Treaty of Paris


  1899
• Thomasites


  The first group of American teachers who arrived and brought changes to the educational system
• The Philippine Free Press (1905) and the College Folio (UP school organ, 1910)


  Circulated, leading Filipino writers to begin writing in English
• Haiku


  Popular during the World War II period due to the scarcity of paper, as it only needs three lines and a total of seventeen syllables
• The Declaration of Martial Law in 1972 greatly affected literature, and from this period to the present, writers and different artists continue to flourish with the aim of bringing social reform and subscribing to freedom of expression
• The history of a nation affects its literature
• syllabary with seventeen symbols

  baybayin
• brief statements of practical wisdom

  proverbs
• The conquerors destroyed written literature in perishable materials because they believed that these were the handicraft of evil.
• most popular type ofpasyon

  Gaspar Aquino de Belen
• La Solidaridad became the organ that projected the views of the group where essay found its place.
• It became the precedent for Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and its sequel, the El Filibusterismo

  pedro paterno's ninay