cold environments

• These are found in high latitude areas.
• Polar climates have little to no precipitation, and annual temperatures below freezing.
• Tundra climates have 50-60 days with permanent daylight, but temperatures range from -12 to -6 degrees celcius
• Polar soil is covered in ice
• Tundra biomes have permafrost, which is high in organic material since it is too cold for organisms to decompose
• Polar plants are only moss, algae and lichen
• Tundra can have small plants when snow melts.
• Polar animals;

  • Polar bears (arctic)
  • Penguins (antarctic)
  • Whales
  • Seals
  • Snowy Owls
• Arctic poppy adaptations:

  • Hairy stem
  • Can track the sun
• Development opportunities:

  • Mineral extraction
  • Fishi ng
  • Ener gy
  • Tour ism
• Antarctica gets 36,000 tourists anually
• Challenges:

  • Extreme temperatures
  • Access ibility
  • Buil dings
  • Infrastruct ure
• Managing risks:

  • Techno logy
  • Govern ments
  • International agreements