SPECIAL CRME INVE.

• Brain death


  Can be established and determined with the use of: (Electroencephalogram)
• Cadaveric spasm


  Instantaneous rigidity of the muscles which occurs at the moment of death due to struggle or extreme nervous tension
• Cessation of molecular cells after death

  3-6 hours
• CANNOT BE EXPLAINED CAUSE OF DEATH

  UNDETERMINED CAUSE OF DEATH
• Examples of asphyxia


  • Sleeping, resting, drowning
  • Suffocation, injection insertion
  • Smothering, suffocation, drowning
  • Drowning, suffocation, injection
• Asphyxia


  Deprivation of oxygen, causing unconsciousness or death
• Sudden collapse and stroke as cause of death

  Natural death
• Points NOT valid in determining duration of death

  • Rigor mortis sets in from 12-24 hours and is fully developed after 48 hours
  • Post-mortem lividity developed in 3-6 hours
  • Decomposition in tropical countries is 24 to 48 hours
  • Blood clots inside the blood vessels in 6 to 8 hours
• Application of ligature around finger to determine peripheral circulation

  Magnus test
• Progressive fall of body temperature

  Algor mortis
• Instantaneous rigidity of muscles at moment of death

  Cadaveric spasm - particular group of muscles
• Time for lividity to become fixed

  36 hours
• Injury, disease or combination responsible for termination of life

  Cause of death
• Killing another without circumstances of murder


  Homicide article 249
• Examples of evidence


  • Photographs, videos, police reports and other documents
  • Circumstantial Evidence
  • Documentary Evidence
  • Testimonial Evidence
  • Object Evidence
• Duration of rigor mortis in Philippines

  24 to 48 hours
• Cause that directly produces the effects

  Proximate Cause
• Trauma or disease that kills quickly

  Primary cause of death
• Forcible contraction of muscles at moment of death

  Cadaveric spasm
• Parricide


  The crime of killing one's father or mother
• Putrefaction


  The breaking down of proteins after death
• 3-6 HOURS- MOLECULAR DEATH
• CESSATION OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL AFTER DEATH OF THE ORGANS. MOLECULAR
• LIVIDITY BECOMES FIXED- 12 HOURS
• STAGE OF PRIMARY FLACCIDITY- 3-6 HRS. MUSCLES ARE COMPLETELY RELAXED AFTER DEATH
• STAGE OF POST-MORTEM RIGIDITY- 6-12 HOURS. BODY BECOMES RIGID DUE TO CONTRACTION.
• STAGE OF SECONDARY FLACCIDITY- 24-36 HOURS. MUSCLES BECOME FLACCID DUE TO PUTREFACTION IN THE BODY.
• APPARENT DEATH - TEMPORARY LOSS OF CONCIOUSNESS
• IRREVERSIBLE COMA- TOTAL UNAWARENESS OF APPLIED STIMULI
• POST- MORTEM CALORICITY- INCREASED OF BODY TEMPERATURE
• PRIMARY CAUSE OF DEATH- KILLS QUICKLY
• SECONDARY CAUSE OF DEATH- SUFFERING W/ DEVELOPMENT OF COMPLICATION
• STRAIN- OVERSRETCHING
• SPRAIN- DISRUPTION OF LIGAMENTS
• SUBLAXATION- PARTIALLY DISLOCATING THE FINGER
• DISLOCATION- DISPLACEMENT OF BONES
• SIMPLE FRACTURE- DOES NOT AFFECT THE BARRIER OF THE BODY
• COMPOUND FRACTURE- AFFECT THE INTEGRITY OF THE SKIN
• RUBOR- REDNESS
• DOLOR- PAIN