Biomolecules

• Monomers - small molecules that can join with other similar molecules to form a very large molecule
• 4 Major categories of biomolecules

  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Lipids
  • Nucleic Acids
• Biomolecules - produced by a living organism
• Carbohydrates - called energy-giving molecules
• Carbohydrates - Monomer is Glucose
• Carbohydrates - are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• Proteins - Monomer is Amino Acid
• Protein - called body-building molecules
• Amino Acids - are linked by peptide bonds to form proteins
• Proteins consists of

  • Amylase
  • Lipase
  • Keratin
  • Collagen
• Lipids - Monomer is Fatty Acids
• Lipids - called as stored-energy molecules
• Lipids - made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
• Lipids - have two differences which is simple lipids and complex lipids
• Simple Lipids - has fatty acids and glycerol or alcohols
• Simple Lipids has

  • fats or Oils
  • Waxes
• Complex Lipids - composed of fatty acids, alcohols and others
• Complex Lipids has

  • Phospholipids
  • Glycolipids
• Nucleic Acids - Monomer is Nucleotides
• Nucleic Acids - known as the biomolecular componnts
• Nucleic Acids - has a phosphodiester bond
• DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid
• DNA - contains genetic code
• DNA - stores and transmits genetic information
• DNA - found n the nucleus
• nucleus - mitochondria
• DNA - is double-stranded called "double helix"
• RNA - carries info from DNA to the body cells
• RNA - helps protein synthesis
• RNA - found in the ribosomes and nucleoli
• RNA - is single stranded
• DNA - is double-stranded