PHILO

• Philosophy began at the end of the 6th Century happened in Ancient Greece
• Philosophy


  Comes from the Greek words "Philein" (love) and "Sophia" (wisdom)
• Philosophers became the talk of the town in Athens because of the works of Hesiod and Homer
• Work and Days by Hesiod written as poem published around 700 BCE
• Work and Days


  It is the idea of man's fate being indebted to the gods
• The Iliad and The Odyssey are works of Homer
• Philosophy's realization to itself is shaped by its reaction to literature
• There was a transition from the Greek's penchant for story (muthos) to reason (logos)
• The origin of the world might not come from some mythic explanation but from a more rational, more ground fact
• Making sense of the world has a clear basis and reason
• Philosophy started in Miletus

  857 BCE
• Miletus


  A seaport town and was considered to be the center of many things, including business and commerce
• The first philosophers were said to be Milesians
• Philosophy


  Began in wonder
• The first philosophers' real question was about the astonishment at the wonders they observed
• The first problems related to philosophy were cosmological in nature and the first philosophers were cosmologists
• Oliver Feltham is the best philosophy historian today
• Thauma

  Means "wonder"
• Stupefaction


  When a person is placed in a position of confusion, it becomes reinforcement to be completely mesmerized and thereby pushing oneself to ask
• Stupefaction should lead one to question
• Questioning becomes indication that real and genuine knowledge does not end in awe
• Doubt pushes us to question many things to see that a greater reason is being veiled by what seems to appear before us
• Not all doubts are healthy, some could lead to skepticism
• Skepticism


  Wherein everything is put into inquiry without any goal of grounding and could lead to being myopic
• Myopic


  A perspective that is in direct contrast to the spirit of philosophy
• According to French contemporary philosopher Allan Badiou, a philosophical question touches upon matters related to choice, meaning, and life
• Pythagoras lived

  570-495 BCE
• Pythagoras marked a radical shift from the mythic to the rational
• Pythagoras' invention that the world is governed by a principle that only numbers can provide is as radical as Copernicus saying that the Earth is not the center of the universe during the Renaissance
• Philosophus

  Everyone is a philosopher, the term is more of a challenge for anyone who dares to study philosophy
• Philosophus


  Someone who, in all his might pursues wisdom
• Philosophy


  Is in fact scientific, the science being spoken here is neither limited to physical nor natural sciences only, it is philosophy's own discipline to observe the rigors of science
• Philosophy


  Its object is literally everything and every-thing, it means that philosophy can study anything under the sun as long as the subject is able to generate possible ideas, it can even study something that is not yet possible to be known
• Philosophy


  Studying any object in philosophy is no simple matter, it is not satisfied with answers that can be given via yes or no, it is also not obsessed with providing the answer right away
• Philosophy

  Is not an activity that is left to either chance or pure faith, philosophizing is an activity without help other than itself, hence, it is done only by the use of reason, unalloyed and unadulterated
• The significance of philosophy is not on its demonstration of knowledge but in its capacity to focus on the possibilities that might be lost in the full understanding of what is being taught because that knowledge could be confirmation of one's ignorance
• The significance of philosophy is to recognize that the answer is not yet complete
• Jostein Gardner's Sophie's World, written to great acclaim in Norway, was translated into English in 1994
• Sophie's World


  Has two narrative sequences: one is the sequence of the unreal, that is, a Sophie Amundsen that exists in the world, and the other is the sequence of the real, that there is only one Sophie Amundsen and her father and mother
• Sophie's world is a world of both the possible and impossible, and that as persons, like her, we also live in these zones of both the discernible and the indiscernible