Types of Plagiarism

• Ethics


  The principles of conduct governing an individual or group
• Ethics


  Norms for conduct that delineate the boundary between acceptable and unacceptable behavior
• Ethics


  The discipline that deals with what is good or bad, right or wrong, and the moral obligation and duty of individuals or groups to ensure fairness
• According to bioethicist David Resnik (2015), ethics consists of the norms of conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behavior
• Ethical Standards Do's and Don'ts

  • The researcher must strive for honesty
  • The researcher should always put welfare and safety of the participants as top priority
  • Do not harm
  • Informed consent
  • The privacy of the subject must be respected all the time
  • Avoid any bias and be objective
  • Avoid omissions, misinterpretation or outright fabrication
  • Relevant law and government regulations should be respected and followed during the course of the research
• Plagiarism


  Turning in someone else's work as your own
• Plagiarism


  Copying words or ideas from someone else without giving credits
• Plagiarism


  Giving incorrect information about the source of a quotation
• Plagiarism


  Changing words but copying the sentence structures of a source without giving credits
• Types of Plagiarism


  • Direct Plagiarism
  • Mosaic Plagiarism
  • Accidental Plagiarism
  • Self-Plagiarism
  • Hired Plagiarism
  • Borrowed Plagiarism
  • Collaboration Plagiarism
  • Contributing Author Plagiarism
  • Aggregated Plagiarism
  • Outlined Plagiarism
  • Bibliography Plagiarism
  • Secondary Sources
  • Global Plagiarism
  • Paraphrasing Plagiarism
  • Non-existent sources
  • Inaccurate authorship
• Plagiarism is an ethical issue. Plagiarism refers to the passing off of someone else's work or ideas as one's own
• Copyright infringement is a legal issue. Copyright infringement refers to the use of copyright-protected material without the permission of the copyright holder
• Republic Act No. 8293 is the law that supports and protects pieces of work of authors and creators of knowledge
• Penalties for Plagiarism under Republic Act No. 8293


  • For first offenders - fine of PhP50,000 to PhP150,000 and/or imprisonment of 1 to 3 years
  • For second offenders - fine of PhP150,000 to PhP500,000 and/or imprisonment of 3 to 6 years
  • For third and subsequent offenders - fine of PhP500,000 to PhP1.5 Million and/or Imprisonment of 6 to 9 years
  • In case of insolvency, the offender shall furthermore suffer subsidiary imprisonment