READING AND WRITING

• 6 Rules of the Letter T

  • Regular T
  • Held T
  • Flap T
  • Glottal Stop T
  • Silent T
  • TU rule
• Regular T


  When the letter T is the first letter of a word
• Regular T


  • Top
  • table
  • tea
• Held T


  When the letter T is the last letter of a word
• Held T


  • Mat
  • sat
  • cat
• Flap T


  When the letter T is changing into D sound when you pronounce it, usually placed at the middle of a word
• Glottal Stop T


  When the letter T is placed before the vowel of a word
• Silent T


  The letter T becomes silent when it is placed after the letters N or S
• TU rule


  The letter T is pronounced as 'CH' and usually placed in the middle of a word
• The Writing Process


  • Pre-writing
  • Organizing
  • Writing
  • Revising
  • Editing
  • Writing the final draft
• Pre-writing


  Also called the invention or brainstorming stage, where you narrow your topic into the most important and relevant
• Organizing


  Vital in incorporating coherence in the transition of your writing, arranging ideas and thoughts into a sensible order
• Writing


  The stage where ideas are expressed in complete sentences and paragraphs
• Revising


  The stage where you polish the order of your ideas and filter the information needed to get your point across
• Editing


  The stage where you go over your written work and check it for basic errors such as spelling, punctuations and grammar
• Writing the final draft

  After your work has gone through revisions, you would now have to write your final draft, which are ultimately content with
• Patterns of Development in Writing

  • Narration
  • Definition
  • Comparison
  • Contrast
  • Etymology
  • Intensive definition
  • Extensive definition
• Narration


  Means related or told, contains the who, what and when, must have vivid description, details, a consistent point of view and verb tenses
• Definition


  Strategies used by writers to define a term, can be denotation (normal definition) or connotation (relies on the author's perspective)
• Comparison


  Comparing the term at hand with indirectly related words through analogy or figurative language (similarities)
• Contrast


  Highlighting the differences between two/similar related terms
• Etymology


  Exploring the evolution or origin of the word and how it was formed
• Intensive definition


  Defining a term, which the class belong and its characteristics
• Extensive definition


  Extending the definition onto a paragraph (mixed definition)
• Classification, Comparison and Contrast, Cause and Effect

  • Classification
  • Comparison and Contrast
  • Cause and Effect
• Classification


  • Finding basis for classification
  • Making distinct categories
  • Classification has a purpose
• Principles of classification


  • Consistency
  • Exclusiveness
  • Completeness
• Useful keys in classification


  • Is a kind of
  • Can be divided into
  • Is a type of
  • Falls under
  • Belongs to
  • Is a part of
  • Fits into
• Comparison and Contrast


  • Signal words (like, in the same manner, equally, similarly, too, also, likewise, in contrast, however, but, yet)
  • Uses figurative language (simile, metaphor)
• Cause and Effect


  • Signal words (for, because, since, due to, so, but, for this reason, as a result, otherwise, therefore, thus)