neuro

Subdecks (3)

Cards (167)

  • Forebrain
    Involved in complex, perceptual, behavioral and cognitive processes
  • Cerebral Cortex
    • Has bumps and depressions known as Convolutions
    • Divided into two hemispheres right and left connected through corpus callosum
  • Lobes of the Cerebral Cortex
    • Frontal lobe
    • Temporal lobe
    • Parietal lobe
    • Occipital lobe
  • Frontal lobe
    Involved in reasoning, thinking, perception, memory, emotions, and higher mental processes
  • Further divisions of the Frontal lobe
    • Prefrontal Cortex
    • Motor Cortex
  • Prefrontal Cortex

    Integrates numerous cognitive and behavioral processes
  • Motor Cortex

    Sends out motor commands to muscles
  • Association area
    Combines input from diverse brain regions
  • Projection area

    Receives sensory information or sends motor impulses to muscles
  • Broca's area
    Important for speech production, located in the left hemisphere
  • Parietal lobe

    Contains the somatosensory cortex, involved in somatosensory information processing (touch, temperature, pressure, pain)
  • Occipital lobe
    Contains the visual cortex, involved in learning and motor control
  • Temporal lobe

    Contains the auditory cortex, including Wernicke's area which is involved in language reception and comprehension. Also serves in memory processing, emotional control and language.
  • Limbic system
    An interconnected structure involved in emotions and memory
  • Septum
    Primary pleasure centre, inhibits aggression
  • Amygdala
    Plays a vital role in defensive and aggressive behavior
  • Hippocampus
    Involved in learning and memory processing
  • Anterograde Amnesia

    Unable to establish new long term memories, but childhood and distant memories are intact
  • Retrograde Amnesia
    Able to establish new memories but forget all past events
  • Basal Ganglia
    Coordinates muscle movement, damage leads to Parkinson's disease
  • Thalamus
    Relay station for all sensations, distributes them to their location
  • Hypothalamus
    Serves homeostatic functioning, controls emotions, sexual behavior, temperature, thirst, hunger
  • Lateral Hypothalamus

    Hunger centre, initiates hunger, detects body need for food
  • Ventromedial Hypothalamus
    Satisfaction centre, stops us from continuously eating or drinking
  • Anterior Hypothalamus
    Controls sexual activities
  • Midbrain
    Controls and coordinates involuntary reflexive responses
  • Superior Colliculus
    Receives visual sensory information
  • Inferior Colliculus
    Receives auditory sensory information
  • Hindbrain
    Lowest part of the brain
  • Medulla Oblongata
    Regulates breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
  • Pons
    Contains sensory and motor tracks between cortex and medulla
  • Cerebellum
    Helps maintain posture and balance, coordinates body movements
  • Reticular Formation
    Regulates alertness, arousal and attention
  • Which side of the brain is affected is important because the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres are not identical
  • Some functions are performed exclusively by one hemisphere, while others require coordination of both hemispheres
  • Damage to only one hemisphere may cause complete loss of functions performed by that hemisphere, while damage to both hemispheres is required to completely lose functions that require coordination
  • Damage to the back part of the frontal lobe
    Causes weakness or paralysis on the opposite side of the body
  • Damage to the middle part of the frontal lobe

    Causes apathy, inattentiveness, slow thinking and responses
  • Damage to the middle back part of the left frontal lobe (Broca's area)

    Causes difficulty expressing words (Broca's aphasia)
  • Damage to the front part of the frontal lobe

    Can cause working memory issues, reduced speech fluency, apathy, inattentiveness, lack of inhibition, and inappropriate behavior