Biology 1

• Organisms


  Made of cells
• Multicellular organisms


  • Have cells that are specialised to do a particular job (e.g. brain cells, bone cells)
• Cell organelles


  • Nucleus
  • Ribosome
  • Cell membrane
  • Mitochondria
  • Cytoplasm
• Nucleus

  Contains genetic material, including DNA, which controls the cell's activity
• Mitochondria


  Organelles that contain the enzymes for respiration and where the most energy is released in respiration
• Cell membrane


  Permeable to some substances but not to others, controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
• Ribosomes

  Structures where protein synthesis occurs
• Chloroplasts


  Organelles that contain the green pigment chlorophyll which absorb light energy for photosynthesis, containing the enzymes for photosynthesis
• Cell wall


  Made from cellulose fibrils, strengthening the cell and supporting the plant
• Vacuole


  Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid