biology Topic - B1

• cells can be prokaryotic and 


  Eukaryotic
• what are some examples of prokaryotic cells?

  bacteria cells - they are smaller and simpler
• what are some examples of eukaryotic cells?

  animal and plant cells - they are complex
• what are the different parts of a cell called?

  subcellular structures
• what do animal cells contain?

  nucleus

  cytoplasm

  cell membrane

  mitochondria

  ribosomes
• what do plant cells contain?

  cell wall

  vacuole

  chloroplasts

  nucleus

  cytoplasm

  cell membrane

  mitochondria

  ribosomes
• what do bacteria cells contain?

  cell wall

  call membrane

  cytoplasm

  single loop of dna

  plasmids
• what do light microscopes let us see?

  large subcellular structures
• what do electron microscopes let us see?

  small subcellular structures
• how can you work out the magnification of an imagine?

  image divided by real size
• what are specialised cells?

  cells that carry out a specific function
• what are some examples of specialised cells?

  sperm cell

  nerve cell

  muscle cell

  root hair cell
• what do chromosomes contain?

  genetic information
• what is the cell cycle?

  series of steps during which the chromosomes and other cell material double to make two copies
• what is mitosis?

  the process of cell division, during which one cell gives rise to two indentical daughter cells
• what are stem cells?

  cells with the potential to develop into many diffrent types of cells in the body
• what can stem cells differentiate into?

  diffrent types of cells
• what might stem cells be able to cure?

  many diseases
• why are some people against stem research?

  each one could be a human life
• what is diffusion?

  diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
• what deos diffusion happen in?

  gases - eg : perfume particles diffuses into the air
• what is osmosis?

  osmossi is the movement of water across a particularly permeable membrane from a less concentrated solution to a more comcentrated solution
• what is active transport?

  Movement of molecules across a cell membrane that requires energy.
• when deos active transport take place?

  Against concentration gradient
• example of active transport?

  hair root cells